Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Sarang Lebah Hutan (Apis dorsata) terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

<p>Penyakit infeksi akibat bakteri merupakan masalah serius dalam kesehatan. Antibakteri alami yang dapat digunakan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri yaitu sarang lebah hutan (<em>Apis dorsata</em>) terdiri propolis, kantong madu, kantong telur dan kantong pollen yang mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, tanin dan asam fenolat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah megetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak sarang lebah hutan dari setiap pelarut yang digunakan dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak sarang lebah hutan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri <em>Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli </em>dan<em> Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. Pengujian antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi kertas cakram dengan lama perendaman 1 jam kemudian diinkubasi selama 3 x 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol sarang lebah memiliki aktivitas tertinggi pada bakteri <em>E. coli </em>yaitu 3,8 mm pada konsentrasi 8%, ekstrak etil asetat sarang lebah pada bakteri <em>S. aureus </em>yaitu 3,72 mm pada konsentrasi 8% dan ekstrak n-heksan sarang lebah pada bakteri <em>E. coli </em>yaitu 16,1 mm pada konsentrasi 8%. Pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak yaitu semakin tinggi konsentrasi maka semakin besar pula daya hambat ekstrak terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri <em>S</em>.<em> aureus, E</em>.<em> coli </em>dan<em> P</em>.<em> aeruginosa</em>.</p><p><strong>Antibacterial Evaluation of Extract Beehive (<em>Apis dorsata</em>) against Growth of Staphylococcus <em>aureus</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em></strong>. Bacterial infectious diseases are serious health problems. A natural antibacterial that can be used to inhibit bacterial growth of honeycomb (propolis, honey bag, egg bag and pollen bag) containing secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, tannins and phenolic acids. The purpose of this research is to know the antibacterial activity of honeycomb extract from each solvent used and to know the effect of honeycomb extract concentration against the bacteria growth of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. Antibacterial testing was performed by the method of paper disc diffusion with soaking time 1 hour followed by incubation for 3 x 24 hours. The results show that antibacterial activity of methanol honeycomb extract had the highest activity in <em>E. coli</em> bacteria of 3.8 mm at 8% concentration, followed by those of ethyl acetate honeycomb extract and n-hexan honeycomb extract which have antibacterial activity of 3.72 mm and 16,1 mm at 8% concentration against <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>E. coli</em>, respectively. The effect of extract concentration is the higher the concentration the greater the inhibitory power of extract against the bacteria<em> </em>growth of <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>E. coli</em> and <em>P. aeruginosa</em>.</p>

Effect of Chitosan-Beeswax Edible Coating on Microbiological Profile of Chicken Thigh Meat at Freezer Storage

“…Chitosan consists of glucosamine and Nacetyl glucosamine units connected by β (1-4) glucoside bonds, which this polymer has antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Ngo et al, 2015;Muñoz-Tebar et al, 2023). Whereas beeswax according to Prestianti et al (2018) has good antibacterial activity against S. aureus when extracted with methanol and ethyl acetate solvents.…”

Potensi dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Madu, Bee Pollen, dan Propolis dari Lebah Kele (Trigona sp.) terhadap Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat

“…Kandungan saponin memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri dengan mengakibatkan rusaknya membran sel bakteri. Senyawa flavonoid menunjukkan aktivitasnya sebagai antibakteri dengan menyebabkan sintesis asam nukleat, metabolisme energi, dan menghambat fungsi dari membran sel, yang menyebabkan terjadinya lisis pada sel bakteri [19]. Kandungan polifenol dapat mengganggu membran sel dengan mengakibatkan terjadinya denaturasi protein pada sel bakteri.…”

Characteristics and Antibacterial Activity of Apis and Trigona Honey Types against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus Aureus on Various Heating

“…The honey antibacterial mechanism is directly influenced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), high osmolarity, osmotic pressure, low pH, non-peroxide factor (methylglyoxal (MGO), and phenol content (Putri et al, 2017). Phenolic compounds inhibit microorganisms by disrupting cell membranes and inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial structural components (Prestianti et al, 2018). In addition, the content of flavonoid compounds can also inhibit bacterial growth by damaging the bacterial cell wall, which will cause lysis in cells (Lutpiatina, 2015).…”