Uji Efektivitas Perangkap Feromon Terhadap Hama Oryctes rhinoceros L. dan Intensitas Kerusakan pada Tanaman Kelapa di Desa Latuhalat, Kecamatan Nusaniwe, Pulau Ambon

Abstract

Effectiveness trial of pheromone traps against Oryctes rhinoceros L. and its damage intensity on coconut tree at Batulahat Village, Nusaniwe District, Ambon IslandThe research aimed to determine the efficacy of traps containing pheromone in catching the coconut pest, coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) and its effect on reducing the damage severity caused by the pest. The experiment was conducted by observing the damage intensity before treatment and continued with the efficacy testing of the traps containing pheromone (Ethyl 4-methyloctanoate) against the population of the coconut rhinoceros beetle. The damage intensity was measured following the traps treatment. The result demonstrated that the average of damage intensity before and after treatment were 13.33% and 9.61%, respectively. This indicated the effectiveness of traps in catching the coconut rhinoceros beetle. The number of O. rhinoceros caught during the experiment was analysed using quantitative analysis model. The highest number of coconut rhinoceros beetle caught was 9 bettles/2 months at traps containing pheromone. Whilst, the number of coconut rhinoceros beetle caught at traps containing pheromone with lamp demonstrated lower number of coconut rhinoceros beetle. Furthermore, the lower damage intensity at the experimental location was categorized as low. This was due to good agricultural practice implemented by the farmer.Keywords: Coconut, Pheromone, Damage intensityABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan perangkap feromon dalam memerangkap hama Oryctes rhinoceros L. dan pengaruhnya terhadap intensitas kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh hama tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menghitung Intensitas Kerusakan (IK) yang disebabkan oleh hama O. rhinoceros dan dilanjutkan dengan menguji efektivitas perangkap feromon (Ethyl 4-methyloctanoate) terhadap perkembangan populasi hama tersebut. Intensitas kerusakan dihitung dengan menggunakan formula IK untuk tanaman yang terserang dan yang tidak terserang O. rhinoceros sebelum dan sesudah aplikasi feromon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata IK sebelum dan sesudah aplikasi feromon masing-masing sebesar 13,33% dan 9,61%. Terjadi penurunan IK karena efektivitas feromon dapat memerangkap hama O.rhinoceros. Jumlah tangkapan O. rhinoceros tiap perlakuan dianalisa dengan model analisis kuantitatif sederhana. Jumlah tangkapan O. rhinoceros terbanyak dengan rerata tangkapan 9 ekor/2 bulan atau sama dengan 4,75 ekor/bulan pada perangkap berferomon saja. Sementara perangkap feromon dan lampu menghasilkan jumlah tangkapan hama O. rhinoceros yang lebih rendah. Lebih lanjut, rerata IK hama O. rhinoceros di desa Latuhalat tergolong kategori ringan karena sistem kultur teknik dari petani setempat sudah dilakukan dengan baik sehingga areal pertanaman kelapa cukup terawat.Kata Kunci: Kelapa, Feromon, Intensitas kerusakan

The Use of Aggregation Pheromone for Monitoring Oryctes rhinoceros Population

“…Pheromone aggregation with ethyl 4methyloctanoate content is able to attract X. gideon, R. ferruginneus, and R schach even in small amounts. This is in accordance with the opinion of [6] that aggregation pheromones are able to attract X. gideon and R. ferruginneus, R. schach and O. rhinoceros. However, according to [10], [11] and [12], R. ferruginneus, and R. schach only have an interest in pheromones with ethyl 4-methylnonanol while O. rhinoceros is only interested in ethyl 4methyloctanoate.…”

“…The types of pheromones used were aggregation pheromones which are included in the releaser pheromone group. Aggregation pheromone is a type of pheromone that is released to attract male and female insects in groups, this type of pheromone is generally produced by insects from the Coleopatera order to defend themselves against predatory attacks ( [3]; [6]).…”

Efektifitas Orynet Trap Terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Kumbang Tanduk Pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan

“…Ethyl 4-methyloctanoate merupakan senyawa feromon agregasi yang dihasilkan oleh O. rhinoceros jantan. Maka dengan penggunaan feromon ini akan lebih menarik serangga betina(Sahetapy, et al, 2018). Hal ini diperkuat oleh Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit (2004), menyatakan bahwa kumbang O. rhinoceros yang terperangkap pada perangkap feromon agregasi lebih banyak betina dari pada jantan.…”