Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun Pare Momordica charantia Linn Terhadap Larva Artemia salina Leach Dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Abstract

Pare Momordica charantia merupakan tanaman berbuah pahit yang dapat hidup di daerah beriklim tropis,termasuk di kawasan Asia. Tanaman isi mengandung beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder antara lain,flavanoid, alkaloid, saponin, triterpenoid, steroid dan glikosida. Daun pare dapat digunakan sebagai obatpenurun panas, mengeluarkan cacing kremi, dan dapat menyembuhkan batuk. Tujuan penilitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui nilai toksisitas ekstrak daun pare pada larva udang. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimentaldengan pendekatan post test only control group design. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalahmetode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test. Ekstrak dibuat dengan cara maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarutetanol 70%. Sehingga diperoleh ekstrak kental sebanyak 77 gram dengan presentase rendemen 25,66%. Ujitoksisitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan larva udang artemia salina leach yang berumur 36-48 jam. Efektoksik ekstrak diidentifikasi dengan persentase kematian larva udang menggunakan analisis probit untukmengetahui nilai LC50. Suatu ekstrak dikatakan toksik apabila nilai LC50 < 1000 ppm. Hasil penelitianmenunjukan ekstrak daun pare (Momordica Charantia) bersifat toksik dengan nilai LC50 sebesar 200,2 ppm.

Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L) Fruit Extract Affects The Gonad Development and Ovulation of Female Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus); Study of Gonadal Morphology and Histopathology

“…This study showed that the highest average gonadal maturity index was in treatment C (0.2-gram bitter gourd extract) and the lowest average gonadal maturity index was in treatment D (0.3-gram bitter melon extract). The slow growth of the gonads is thought to be due to the cytotoxic effect of bitter melon extract which affects the hormones estrogen and progesterone in inhibiting the ovulation process (Cahyadi, 2009). This low average gonadal maturity index is also thought to be influenced by the saponin content contained in the bitter gourd which is used as a contraceptive estrogen, namely to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting the ovaries from releasing eggs.…”

Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity Test of Various Extracts from Microalgae <I>Dunaliella salina</I>

“…The density of the cyst also needs to be considered during the hatching process so that it is not too dense so that the cyst can develop properly. Around 48 hours after hatching, nauplius A. salina will be actively mobile and phototropic so they can use as toxicity test animals in BSLT (Mangirang et al, 2019).…”

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“…The previous study revealed that the almond plant was used as a medicinal for fever, itching, and wound healing (Nugroho et al, 2019b;Nugroho et al, 2017;Nugroho et al, 2016;Nugroho et al, 2019c). Toxicity test is a test to evaluate the safety aspects of a drug intended as a medicinal product (Makalalag et al, 2019;Mangirang et al, 2019;Wresdiyati & Handharyani, 2019), While the subchronic toxicity test is a test to evaluate the toxicity of a compound that is performed for a long duration time (Darmawan et al, 2020;Kasmawati et al, 2020). Further, subchronic toxicity test needs to be done on the Indian almond leaves, to evaluate the toxic effects on liver histology.…”