Ulcerative keratitis caused by beta-hemolytic Streptococcus equi in 11 horses

Brooks, Dennis; Andrew, Stacy E.; Biros, Daniel J.; Denis, H. M.; Cutler, T. J.; Strubbe, D. T.; Gelatt, Kirk N.

doi:10.1046/j.1463-5224.2000.00120.x

Cited by 52 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…However, other authors reported that Gram-positive bacteria, such as Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and Staphylococcus aureus, were isolated more frequently from cases of ulcerative keratitis than the Gram-negative P. aeruginosa [1, 15, 18, 29, 30]. The commensal flora isolated from the conjunctival sac in the present study was also isolated in cases of ulcerative keratitis, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora in healthy Silesian foals and adult horses in Poland

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCommensal bacterial and fungal flora of the conjunctival sac has been described in horses and other animals. The identification of commensal flora of the conjunctival sac may aid in the diagnosis of ocular inflammatory diseases, such as conjunctivitis or more severe ulcerative keratitis, common in horses. Moreover, damage of ocular protective barriers may lead to an opportunistic infection. The study was carried out in Silesian horses kept at a single breeding center in South-western Poland, in order to limit any breed-dependant and climate-dependant variables affecting the results. Following an ophthalmic examination that revealed no abnormalities, sterile swabs were collected from conjunctival sac in 26 adult horses and 11 foals. The obtained swabs were subjected to bacterial culture testing. In case of Staphylococcus spp. isolation, susceptibility to methicillin was evaluated.ResultsForty- three bacterial isolates, representing eleven genera of bacteria were cultured from 30 (81%) horses. Gram-positive bacteria were the dominant isolates (72%) (p < 0.001). The most commonly isolated Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus spp., while Moraxella spp. were the most frequently isolated Gram-negative bacteria. There was no significant influence of sex and age on the frequency and type of microbial isolates.ConclusionsCommensal flora is present in the conjunctival sac of healthy horses in Poland. Age does not affect the abundance and type of microbial isolates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora in healthy Silesian foals and adult horses in Poland

et al. 2018

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“…equi subsp. zooepidemicus is the most frequently isolated opportunistic pathogen of horses; it is associated with inflammatory airway disease in Thoroughbred racehorses (50,51), uterine infections in mares (21,41), and ulcerative keratitis (8). It is also associated with disease in a wide range of other animal hosts, including cattle (39), sheep (25,44), pigs (38,42), monkeys (38,42), dogs (12,34), and humans (7,17,19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of Three Novel Superantigen-Encoding Genes in Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus , szeF , szeN , and szeP

et al. 2010

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The acquisition of superantigen-encoding genes by Streptococcus pyogenes has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in humans, and the gain of four superantigens by Streptococcus equi is linked to the evolution of this host-restricted pathogen from an ancestral strain of the opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. A recent study determined that the culture supernatants of several S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains possessed mitogenic activity but lacked known superantigen-encoding genes. Here, we report the identification and activities of three novel superantigen-encoding genes. The products of szeF, szeN, and szeP share 59%, 49%, and 34% amino acid sequence identity with SPEH, SPEM, and SPEL, respectively. Recombinant SzeF, SzeN, and SzeP stimulated the proliferation of equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣) and gamma interferon (IFN-␥) production, in vitro. Although none of these superantigen genes were encoded within functional prophage elements, szeN and szeP were located next to a prophage remnant, suggesting that they were acquired by horizontal transfer. Eighty-one of 165 diverse S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains screened, including 7 out of 15 isolates from cases of disease in humans, contained at least one of these new superantigen-encoding genes. The presence of szeN or szeP, but not szeF, was significantly associated with mitogenic activity in the S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus population (P < 0.000001, P < 0.000001, and P ‫؍‬ 0.104, respectively). We conclude that horizontal transfer of these novel superantigens from and within the diverse S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus population is likely to have implications for veterinary and human disease.

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“…Other Gram-positive isolates of this study especially Beta-heamolytic streptococci as potentially pathogens have been reported frequently from equine infectious keratitis [8,9] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

İran’da Klinik Olarak Sağlıklı Yük Atlarından İzole Edilen Konjunktival Bakteriyel ve Fungal Ajanlar

Araghi-Sooreh¹,

Navidi²,

Razi³

2014

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryThis study was conducted to identify bacterial and fungal isolates of the normal eyes in working horses in Iran. Ninety swabs were taken from the conjunctival sac of 45 clinically healthy horses. Aerobic bacterial and fungal cultures were plated. A total of 9 different bacterial species (3 Gram-positive, 6 Gram-negative) and 7 different fungal species (6 molds, 1 yeast) were recovered. Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp. were the most frequently isolated bacteria. Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. were the most frequently recovered fungi. The microbial species isolated are comparable with studies performed on horses in other areas. Keywords: Bacteria, Fungi, Conjunctiva, Working horse, Iran İran'da Klinik Olarak Sağlıklı Yük Atlarından İzole Edilen Konjunktival Bakteriyel ve Fungal Ajanlar ÖzetBu çalışma, İran'da yaşayan sağlıklı yük atlarının gözünde bulunan bakteri ve mantar izolatlarının identifikasyonu amacıyla yapıldı. Klinik olarak sağlıklı görünen 45 atın konjunktival kesesinden 90 sürüntü örneği toplandı. Aerobik bakteri ve mantarlar yönünden ekimler yapıldı. 9 farklı bakteri (3 Gram-pozitif, 6 Gram-negatif ) ve 7 farklı mantar türü (6 küf, 1 maya) izole edildi. En fazla izole edilen bakterinin Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp. ve Klebsiella spp. olduğu belirlendi. En yaygın izole edilen mantar türlerinin ise Aspergillus spp. ve Penicillium spp. olduğu tespit edildi. Bu mikroorganizmaların farklı ülkelerde yaşayan atlardan izole edilenler ile benzer olduğu anlaşıldı.

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Ulcerative keratitis caused by beta-hemolytic Streptococcus equi in 11 horses

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora in healthy Silesian foals and adult horses in Poland

Conjunctival aerobic bacterial flora in healthy Silesian foals and adult horses in Poland

Identification of Three Novel Superantigen-Encoding Genes in Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus , szeF , szeN , and szeP

İran’da Klinik Olarak Sağlıklı Yük Atlarından İzole Edilen Konjunktival Bakteriyel ve Fungal Ajanlar

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