Ionic
liquids (ILs) have received widespread attention in the field
of green desulfurization in the past few years due to their excellent
desulfurization ability and infinite potential for designability.
However, the additional costs and environmental issues faced when
dealing with ILs with degraded desulfurization performance have limited
their practical applications. To solve the reuse problem of degraded
ILs, this study analyzed the feasibility of using ILs as extraction
desulfurizers and corrosion inhibitors in refineries using methods
such as liquid chromatography, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,
quantum chemistry, and molecular dynamics simulation. The results
indicated that 1-hydroxyethyl-3-hexylimidazolium bromide gave a great
thiophene desulfurization efficiency of 50.82% and an excellent corrosion
inhibition efficiency of 98.29%. After undertaking desulfurization
tasks, the IL could continue to act as an interface-type inhibitor
to adsorb on the Q235 surfaces, hindering aqueous electrolyte attack
and thus inhibiting the corrosion rate of refining equipment. Its
adsorption obeyed the Langmuir isotherm. Improving the electron donating
ability, side chain interaction, imidazolium ring, and thiophene interaction,
as well as the adsorption of thiophene S atoms on long side chains
of IL cations, while suppressing the interaction between the imidazolium
ring and n-heptane and the adsorption of n-heptane on the long side chains, could further increase
the corrosion inhibition and desulfurization performance of ILs. Using
ILs as extraction desulfurizers and corrosion inhibitors is expected
to solve environmental and safety issues in the refining process and
reduce the adverse effects of high prices on the practical application
of ILs.