Ultra-high electron beam power and energy densities using a plasma-filled rod-pinch diode

Weber, B.V.; Commisso, R.J.; Cooperstein, G.; Hinshelwood, D.D.; Mosher, D.; Ottinger, P. F.; Ponce, D.; Schumer, J.W.; Stephanakis, S. J.; Strasburg, Sean; Swanekamp, S.B.; Young, F.C.

doi:10.1063/1.1683564

Cited by 56 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A simple model for a tungsten PFRP (Ref. 7) gives W þ16 for the expected ionization state, in good agreement. The ionization level cannot be inferred from this measurement: a wide range of ionization states, say Ir þ1763 , is consistent with the data.…”

Section: B Comparison With Theoretical Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The temperature is then $60 eV temperature, and tungsten is then ionized 16Â or so. 7 For its principal application, radiography of dense materials, the PRFP is usually a ' 1 mm diameter tungsten welding rod, ground to a fine point over the last 5 mm as seen in Figure 2. This standard tungsten PFRP can be converted to an intense radiation source of any interesting material by replacing the tungsten rod with a hollow aluminum straw, and putting a small amount of high atomic number atoms at the end.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near-coincident K-line and K-edge energies as ionization diagnostics for some high atomic number plasmas

Pereira¹,

Weber

Phipps

et al. 2012

Physics of Plasmas

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For some high atomic number atoms, the energy of the K-edge is tens of eVs higher than the K-line energy of another atom, so that a few eV increase in the line's energy results in a decreasing transmission of the x-ray through a filter of the matching material. The transmission of cold iridium's ' 63:287 keV Ka 2 line through a lutetium filter is 7% lower when emitted by ionized iridium, consistent with an energy increase of De ' 1061 eV associated with the ionization. Likewise, the transmission of the Kb 1 line of ytterbium through a near-coincident K-edge filter changes depending on plasma parameters that should affect the ionization. Systematic exploration of filter-line pairs like these could become a unique tool for diagnostics of suitable high energy density plasmas. V C 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.

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Section: B Comparison With Theoretical Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-coincident K-line and K-edge energies as ionization diagnostics for some high atomic number plasmas

Pereira¹,

Weber

Phipps

et al. 2012

Physics of Plasmas

Self Cite

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“…However, from the experimental point of view, the occurrence of plasma erosion and gap formation in pulsed power devices is not unusual. In fact, the transition from a low impedance plasma to a high impedance gap is the main principle of plasma-filled diodes [65][66][67][68][69]. In the following section, we will therefore consider the formation of a gap where an impedance is determined by space-charge limited bipolar flow and/or by self-magnetic insulation.…”

Section: Acceleration Mechanisms Based On the Generation Of Axial Elementioning

confidence: 99%

Ion acceleration mechanism in mega-ampere gas-puff z-pinches

et al. 2018

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Acceleration of high energy ions was observed in z-pinches and dense plasma foci as early as the 1950s. Even though many theories have been suggested, the ion acceleration mechanism remains a source of controversy. Recently, the experiments on the GIT-12 generator demonstrated acceleration of ions up to 30 MeV from a deuterium gas-puff z-pinch. High deuteron energies enable us to obtain unique information about spatial, spectral and temporal properties of accelerated ions. In particular, the offaxis ion emission from concentric circles of a ∼1 cm diameter and the radial lines in an ion beam profile are germane for the discussion of acceleration mechanisms. The acceleration of 30 MeV deuterons can be explained by the fast increase of an impedance with a sub-nanosecond e-folding time. The high (>10 Ω) impedance is attributed to a space-charge limited flow after the effective ejection of plasmas from m=0 constrictions. Detailed knowledge of the ion acceleration mechanism is used with a neutron-producing catcher to increase neutron yields above 10 13 at a currentof2.7 MA.

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“…Experiments on the Gamble II generator with a planar diode for the negative polarity of the central conductor [9] and with a coaxial diode with a rod-type central electrode of the positive polarity [10] confirm the possibility of increasing the current density and, hence, the power of bremsstrahlung. The Gamble II generator is based on an intermediate storage line with a liquid dielectric, which ensures the short current rise time (∼50 ns) in the low-resistance phase of the diode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Power Increase of the Electron Source Based on the Plasma-Filled Diode

Zherlitsyn

Kovalchuk

Pedin

2015

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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The technique of a linear transformer driver (LTD) now allows building the generators of high-power nanosecond pulses with the current rise time of ∼100 ns without intermediate power compression stages. This technique is being examined for use in high-current high-voltage electron sources based on plasma-filled diodes. The power of a plasma-filled diode is determined by the driving circuit parameters and the transition diode resistance. The problem of power rise can be solved by increasing the stored energy in the circuit inductance provided that the diode resistance rise rate is constant. In experiments on the LTD (53 nF, 480 kV), the possibility has been checked out for such increase in the stored energy. A current increase from 50 to 180 kA was obtained by increasing the current rise rate from 0.4 to 1.9 kA/ns. Stored energy has been increased, respectively, from 0.2 to 3.6 kJ. The time of energy transfer into the circuit inductance was about 120-140 ns. Maintaining the diode resistance rise rate at 0.5 /ns has been shown. Diode power has been increased up to 170 GW. Further increase in power of the plasma-filled diode has been obtained using simulation circuit of the Megavolt (MV) range LTD. To simulate such a linear transformer, the driver circuit was made as Marx generator with coaxial water line (5.3 , 56 ns, and 1.5 MV), providing a current input of 160 kA into the 550-nH inductance in 120 ns. Stored energy in the inductance was about 7 kJ. The following diode parameters were obtained: 150 kA, 1.9 MV, and 250 GW at a resistance rise rate more than 0.5 /ns. The experiments prove that the resistance rise rate of the plasma-filled diode is constant on increasing the stored energy in the inductance up to 7 kJ. It allows scaling the power of an electron source based on the plasma-filled diode.

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Ultra-high electron beam power and energy densities using a plasma-filled rod-pinch diode

Cited by 56 publications

References 20 publications

Near-coincident K-line and K-edge energies as ionization diagnostics for some high atomic number plasmas

Near-coincident K-line and K-edge energies as ionization diagnostics for some high atomic number plasmas

Ion acceleration mechanism in mega-ampere gas-puff z-pinches

Power Increase of the Electron Source Based on the Plasma-Filled Diode

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