Ultra-high sensitivity and temperature-compensated Fabry–Perot strain sensor based on tapered FBG

Zhao, Xinlei; Zhang, Yanxin; Zhang, Weigang; Li, Zhe; Kong, Lingxin; Yu, Lin; Ge, Juntong; Yan, Tieyi

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.105997

Cited by 40 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A study shows a strain sensing FP sensor system based on tapered FBG. The fiber taper into the capillary with FBG was employed [69,70]. A new in-line FP strain sensor based on a tapered FBG-in-capillary construction to detect temperature was proposed.…”

Section: Cascaded S Fiber Taper/fbg Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is created by inserting a fiber taper containing FBG into a capillary, resulting in an ultra-long active length and an ultra-short interference length and a strain sensitivity of 1129.44 pm/µε. The intensity of reflection of FP can be calculated by Equation ( 5) [70].…”

Section: Cascaded S Fiber Taper/fbg Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming, φ 0 = 0, when 4π•n air • L FP λ = (2m + 1)π, m (an integer) λ m is the wavelength of order resonance dip as shown above in Equation ( 6) [70]. The free spectral range (FSR) of the interference fringe of the FPI can be calculated using Equation ( 7) [70].…”

Section: Cascaded S Fiber Taper/fbg Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Review Tapered Optical Fiber Configurations for Sensing Application: Trend and Challenges

et al. 2021

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Understanding environmental information is necessary for functions correlated with human activities to improve healthcare quality and reduce ecological risk. Tapered optical fibers reduce some limitations of such devices and can be considerably more responsive to fluorescence and absorption properties changes. Data have been collected from reliable sources such as Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In this narrative review, we have summarized and analyzed eight classes of tapered-fiber forms: fiber Bragg grating (FBG), long-period fiber grating (LPFG), Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), photonic crystals fiber (PCF), surface plasmonic resonance (SPR), multi-taper devices, fiber loop ring-down technology, and optical tweezers. We evaluated many issues to make an informed judgement about the viability of employing the best of these methods in optical sensors. The analysis of performance for tapered optical fibers depends on four mean parameters: taper length, sensitivity, wavelength scale, and waist diameter. Finally, we assess the most potent strategy that has the potential for medical and environmental applications.

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Section: Cascaded S Fiber Taper/fbg Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cascaded S Fiber Taper/fbg Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Review Tapered Optical Fiber Configurations for Sensing Application: Trend and Challenges

et al. 2021

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“…Fiber optic-based liquid level sensors (FOLLSs) provide advantageous characteristics demanded by the oil and gas industry, such as intrinsic safety, chemical corrosion resistance, electromagnetic interference immunity, electrical insulation, small size, and easy multiplexing capacity and remote monitoring capabilities [ 4 ]. Different approaches and operation principles, such as Fabry–Perot interferometry (FPI) [ 10 , 11 ], Mach–Zehnder interferometry (MZI) [ 12 ], and fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), are used in fiber optic sensors to measure numerous parameters, e.g., temperature [ 13 ], pressure [ 14 ], vibration [ 15 ], strains [ 16 ], density [ 11 ], thermal conductivity [ 17 ], and liquid level [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FBG-Based Temperature Sensors for Liquid Identification and Liquid Level Estimation via Random Forest

Pereira

Coimbra

Lazaro

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This paper proposed a liquid level measurement and classification system based on a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor array. For the oil classification, the fluids were dichotomized into oil and nonoil, i.e., water and emulsion. Due to the low variability of the classes, the random forest (RF) algorithm was chosen for the classification. Three different fluids, namely water, mineral oil, and silicone oil (Kryo 51), were identified by three FBGs located at 21.5 cm, 10.5 cm, and 3 cm from the bottom. The fluids were heated by a Peltier device placed at the bottom of the beaker and maintained at a temperature of 318.15 K during the entire experiment. The fluid identification by the RF algorithm achieved an accuracy of 100%. An average root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.2603 cm, with a maximum RMSE lower than 0.4 cm, was obtained in the fluid level measurement also using the RF algorithm. Thus, the proposed method is a feasible tool for fluid identification and level estimation under temperature variation conditions and provides important benefits in practical applications due to its easy assembly and straightforward operation.

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“…Compared with relevant researches 4,16 , the mechanical robusticity and hermetic reliability were initially evaluated in real time by the FBGs during such a long-term thermal cycling aging experiment with several shocks. Recent researches 17,18 showed the temperature compensation method was applied widely to monitor the temperature and strain simultaneously, in this research, one single FBG embedded in sealing glass-ceramics was designed as length mismatched with sealing material to monitor the temperature and residual strain simultaneously based on the chirped spectrum. In addition, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the leakage rate detecting test were carried out to support the structural strength and hermetic reliability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural health monitoring of metal-to-glass–ceramics penetration during thermal cycling aging using femto-laser inscribed FBG sensors

Zhong

Diao

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Maintaining the mechanical strength and hermetic reliability of metal-to-glass-ceramics electrical penetration assembly (MtGc-epA) is a key concern for ensuring the pressure boundaries of nuclear power plants. the transient temperature change caused by power adjusting or accidents in High Temperature Reactor Pebble-bed Modules may affect the structural health of sealing glass-ceramics, even leading to radiation leakage. to evaluate whether the function could survive temperature variations during the service life, thermal cycling aging experiments were imposed to MtGc-epA. A grating length-mismatched sensing method to monitor the residual strain, an important factor of glass-ceramics structural health, was demonstrated in real-time by femto-laser inscribed fiber Bragg grating (fBG) sensor during the curing process and thermal cycling aging. Scanning electron microscope (SeM) and leakage rate tests were carried out to obtain the comparisons of microstructure and hermeticity before and after the thermal cycling. the residual strain showed a slight growth trend with thermal cycles repetition and it persisted a high value (~ 4,000 με) reflected by both Bragg wavelength shift and spectrum shape. the grating length mismatched single fBG embedded in glassceramics was feasible to demodulate the temperature and strain simultaneously, and the embedded fBG method achieved the structural health monitoring of MtGc-epA during thermal cycling aging with good accuracy and reliability. combining with the results of SeM and leakage rate detecting, the structural health of MtGc-epA was demonstrated to be capable to endure the severe thermal conditions in nuclear reactors. Electrical penetration assembly (EPA) is the essential component to keep integrality of pressure boundaries in nuclear reactors as shown in Fig. 1. However, long-term service at high temperature in HTR-PM may decrease the structural strength and hermeticity of EPA. The failure of pressure boundaries may lead to severe disasters such as radiation leakage of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, in which the leakage of hydrogen occurred at the penetrations and the gasket seals of the flange 1. As a result, it is significant to ensure the hermetic reliability of EPA at high temperature environment. Metal-to-glass seal structure EPA was widely used in nuclear reactors. This structure, consisting of steel shell, sealing glass and electric conductor, was designed according to the mismatched coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) 2. The difference between the CTE of steel shell and sealing material generated the residual strain in sealing material after the curing process, which maintained good hermetic reliability of EPA 3. The similar CTE of sealing glass and conductor guaranteed the sealing glass will not be destroyed by the tensile stress resulted from the expansion of central conductor.

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Ultra-high sensitivity and temperature-compensated Fabry–Perot strain sensor based on tapered FBG

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

Comprehensive Review Tapered Optical Fiber Configurations for Sensing Application: Trend and Challenges

Comprehensive Review Tapered Optical Fiber Configurations for Sensing Application: Trend and Challenges

FBG-Based Temperature Sensors for Liquid Identification and Liquid Level Estimation via Random Forest

Structural health monitoring of metal-to-glass–ceramics penetration during thermal cycling aging using femto-laser inscribed FBG sensors

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