Ultra-Long-Distance Hybrid BOTDA/Ф-OTDR

Fu, Yun; Wang, Zinan; Zhu, Rong-Rong; Xue, Naitian; Jiang, Jialin; Lu, Chongyu; Zhang, Bin; Yang, Le; Atubga, David; Rao, Yunjiang

doi:10.3390/s18040976

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…On the other hand, the relatively low strain sensitivity of the BFS (∼50 kHz/µε in conventional fibers), combined with the BGS intrinsic linewidth (∼30 MHz), makes improbable that Brillouin sensors will reach the nε sensitivity of Rayleigh-based sensors, even after that all the experimental parameters have been optimized. Therefore, possible future developments in the distributed dynamic sensing field in optical fibers may involve the simultaneous use of Rayleigh and Brillouin scattering into the same fiber [ 74 ], combining high sensitivity and adequate dynamic range. Another factor that should be taken into account, is that the present review only refers to configurations based on the SBS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Dynamic Strain Sensing Based on Brillouin Scattering in Optical Fibers

Coscetta

Minardo

Zeni

2020

Sensors

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Over the past three decades, extensive research activity on Brillouin scattering-based distributed optical fiber sensors has led to the availability of commercial instruments capable of measuring the static temperature/strain distribution over kilometer distances and with high spatial resolution, with applications typically covering structural and environmental monitoring. At the same time, the interest in dynamic measurements has rapidly grown due to the relevant number of applications which could benefit from this technology, including structural analysis for defect identification, vibration detection, railway traffic monitoring, shock events detection, and so on. In this paper, we present an overview of the recent advances in Brillouin-based distributed optical fiber sensors for dynamic sensing. The aspects of the Brillouin scattering process relevant in distributed dynamic measurements are analyzed, and the different techniques are compared in terms of performance and hardware complexity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Dynamic Strain Sensing Based on Brillouin Scattering in Optical Fibers

Coscetta

Minardo

Zeni

2020

Sensors

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“…Multi-function-integration optical fiber sensing interrogators have been increasingly proposed, such as BOTDR with ROTDR [108], BOTDR with POTDR [120], BOTDR with ϕ-OTDR [121], BOTDA with ϕ-OTDR [187], BOTDA with COTDR [188]. Hence, more optical fiber sensing techniques are expected to be further integrated with BOTDR for multi-parameter detection only utilizing a single fiber as sensing medium.…”

Section: Conclusion and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

Bai

Wang

et al. 2019

Sensors

100

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In the past two decades Brillouin-based sensors have emerged as a newly-developed optical fiber sensing technology for distributed temperature and strain measurements. Among these, the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) has attracted more and more research attention, because of its exclusive advantages, including single-end access, simple system architecture, easy implementation and widespread field applications. It is realized mainly by injecting optical pulses into the fiber and detecting the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS), which is linearly related to the change of ambient temperature and axial strain of the sensing fiber. In this paper, the authors provide a review of new progress on performance improvement and applications of BOTDR in the last decade. Firstly, the recent advances in improving the performance of BOTDRs are summarized, such as spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio and measurement accuracy, measurement speed, cross sensitivity and other properties. Moreover, novel-type optical fibers bring new characteristics to optic fiber sensors, hence we introduce the different Brillouin sensing features of special fibers, mainly covering the plastic optical fiber, photonic crystal fiber, few-mode fiber and other special fibers. Additionally, we present a brief overview of BOTDR application scenarios in many industrial fields and intelligent perception, including structural health monitoring of large-range infrastructure, geological disaster prewarning and other applications. To conclude, we discuss several challenges and prospects in the future development of BOTDRs.

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“…In order to minimize the error, the basic method is to use the steepest descent algorithm for backpropagation (BP) calculations, which modifies the weight according to (11) and (12). Besides, there are other algorithms, such as conjugate gradient algorithm, Levenberg-Marquardt(LM) algorithm and so on.…”

Section: B the Principle Of Fnnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Feedforward Neural Network Training for Efficient Brillouin Frequency Shift Retrieval in Fiber

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can be used to replace traditional methods in various fields, making signal processing more efficient and meeting the real-time processing requirements of the Internet of Things (IoT). As a special type of ANN, recently the feedforward neural network (FNN) has been used to replace the time-consuming Lorentzian curve fitting (LCF) method in Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) to retrieve the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS), which could be used as the indicator in temperature/strain sensing, etc. However, FNN needs to be re-trained if the generalization ability is not satisfactory, or the frequency scanning step is changing in the experiment. This is a cumbersome and inefficient process. In this paper, FNN only needs to be trained once with the proposed method. 150.62 km BOTDA is built to verify the performance of the trained FNN. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method is promising in BOTDA because of its high computational efficiency and wide adaptability.

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Ultra-Long-Distance Hybrid BOTDA/Ф-OTDR

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Distributed Dynamic Strain Sensing Based on Brillouin Scattering in Optical Fibers

Distributed Dynamic Strain Sensing Based on Brillouin Scattering in Optical Fibers

Recent Advances in Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

Optimized Feedforward Neural Network Training for Efficient Brillouin Frequency Shift Retrieval in Fiber

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