Ultrafast capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous determination of ammonium and diphenhydramine in pharmaceutical samples

Abstract

Ammonium and diphenhydramine are active ingredients commonly found in the same pharmaceutical preparations. We report, for the first time, a sub-minute method for the simultaneous determination of ammonium and diphenhydramine. The method is based on capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. Both analytes can be quantified in a single run (∼80 injections/h) using 30 mmol/L 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid and 15 mmol/L lithium hydroxide (pH 6.0) as background electrolyte. The separation by capillary electrophoresis was achieved on a fused-silica capillary (50 cm total length, 10 cm effective length, and 50 μm inside diameter). The limits of detection were 0.04 and 0.02 mmol/L for ammonium and diphenhydramine, respectively. The proposed method also provided adequate recovery values for spiked samples (100-106 and 97-104% for ammonium and diphenhydramine, respectively). The results obtained with the new capillary electrophoresis method were compared with those of the high-performance liquid chromatography method for diphenhydramine and the Kjeldahl method for ammonium and no statistically significant differences were found (95% confidence level).

Interaksi Molekuler Amonium Hidroksida

“…Besarnya konduktivitas ditentukan oleh konsentrasi elektrolit (17,(146)(147)(148)(149)(150)(151)(152)(153)(154)(155)(156)(157)(158)(159) . Energi listrik dapat di transfer melalui materi berupa hantaran yang bermuatan listrik yang berwujud arus listrik yang berarti bahwa harus ada pembawa muatan listrik di dalam materi serta adanya gaya yang menggerakkan pembawa muatan tersebut (57,(68)(69)(70)(71)(72)(73) . Pembawa muatan dapat berupa elektron seperti logam atau dapat juga digunakan ion positif dan ion negatif seperti dalam larutan elektrolit dan lelehan garam.…”

A Reliable Electrochemical Sensor Based on Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles for Over‐the‐counter Allergy Medication Abuse Sensing in Biological Fluids

“…Various analytical techniques have been exploited to DIPH determination either in single or mixture forms in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids including chromatography [9][10][11], spectrophotometry [12][13][14], capillary electrophoresis [15][16][17], and voltammetry [18,19]. Yet few ion selective electrodes potentiometric methods are reported [20][21][22][23].…”

Rapid method for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid and zinc in effervescent tablets by capillary zone electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection

“…CE is a powerful separation technique that has several desirable advantages, such as low cost, minimal reagent and sample consumption (environmentally friendly), high separation efficiency, simple instrumentation, and often provides short analysis time . CE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C 4 D) has been widely used for the separation and detection of a large number of compounds .…”