Ultrafast display buildup with standard VGA on MS-DOS computers

Brisinski, Ingo Spitczok von

doi:10.3758/bf03204641

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Design, procedure, and subjects. The words were displayed on the PC screen of a Pentium class computer with the refresh rate on the screen set to 8 ms (Von Brisinski, 1994). Responses were collected on the PC's keyboard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multinomial model for short-term priming in word identification.

Ratcliff

McKoon²

2001

Psychological Review

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A simple multinomial model for short-term priming in perceptual word identification is presented. In the experiments to which the model is applied, prime words are presented just prior to a flashed target word, and subjects must decide which of 2 alternative words matches the target. The model assumes that on some proportion of trials, confusion among the words leads to the decision being based on 1 of the prime words instead of the target. In addition, it is assumed that subjects sometimes discount a prime that matches 1 of the test alternatives and so choose the alternative that does not match. With these assumptions, the model fits the data from 5 experiments (including 4 used to develop the model known as ROUSE [responding optimally with unknown sources of evidence]; D. E. Huber, R. Shiffrin, K. Lyle, & K. Ruys, 2001). The multinomial model fits the data about as well as the ROUSE model and so should lead to further development and critical testing of both models.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multinomial model for short-term priming in word identification.

Ratcliff

McKoon²

2001

Psychological Review

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“…This means that the beam on the computer monitor was controlled to return to the top of the screen after moving down one-fourth of the normal distance to the bottom. This procedure resulted in an effective screen size one-fourth the regular size but with a refresh rate of 4 ms instead of 16.67 ms (Von Brisinski, 1994). Responses were collected by use of the PC keyboard.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counter model for word identification: Reply to Bowers (1999).

McKoon

Ratcliff²

2001

Psychological Review

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The counter model (R. Ratcliff & G. McKoon, 1997) was designed to explain the normal processes of word identification and how they are influenced by a prior encounter with a word. The model accounts for the findings of word identification experiments in which words are flashed briefly. A crucial finding is that prior encounters with words typically lead to biases such that a previously encountered word is more likely to be given as a response. However, for low-frequency words, a prior encounter can improve overall performance (J. S. Bowers, 1999; E. M. Wagenmakers, R. Zeelenberg, & J. G. W. Raaijmakers, 2000). The authors show how the model can explain this result. Also, J. S. Bowers (1999) has claimed that some earlier data concerning dissimilar alternatives in forced-choice experiments that support the counter model are spurious, but the authors show that his claims are incorrect. In sum, the authors argue for a theoretical approach that offers a detailed description of the cognitive processes of word identification and explains performance across tasks, measures, and independent variables.

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“…Letters were displayed on video graphics array computer monitors in text mode (80 columns, Courier font). The video card driving each monitor was reprogrammed so that it would execute a refresh every 4 ms (250 Hz; e.g., Von Brisinski, 1994). The mask was fixed across trials and consisted of a square outline with random horizontal, vertical, and diagonal lines inside it.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A diffusion model account of masking in two-choice letter identification.

Ratcliff¹,

Rouder²

2000

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

211

251

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The diffusion model developed by R. Ratcliff (1978, 1981, 1985, 1988) for 2-choice decisions was applied to data from 2 letter identification experiments. In the experiments, stimulus letters were displayed and then masked, and the stimulus onset asynchrony between letter and mask was manipulated to vary accuracy from near chance to near ceiling. A standard reaction time procedure was used in one experiment and a deadline procedure in the other. Two hypotheses about the effect of masking on the information provided to the decision process were contrasted: (a) The output of perception to the decision process varies with time, so that the information used by the decision process rises and falls, reflecting the stimulus onset and mask onset. (b) The output of perception to the decision is constant over time, reflecting information integrated over the time between the stimulus and mask onsets. The data were well fit by the diffusion model only with the assumption of constant information over time.

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Ultrafast display buildup with standard VGA on MS-DOS computers

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

A multinomial model for short-term priming in word identification.

A multinomial model for short-term priming in word identification.

Counter model for word identification: Reply to Bowers (1999).

A diffusion model account of masking in two-choice letter identification.

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