Ultrafast spin exchange-coupling torque via photo-excited charge-transfer processes

Ma, Xiaoxuan; Fang, F.; Li, Q.; Zhu, Jianming; Yang, Y.; Wu, Y. Z.; Zhao, Haibin; Lüpke, G.

doi:10.1038/ncomms9800

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The DMI strength is enhanced by a factor of 7 with increasing IrMn layer thickness in the range of 1-7.5 nm. Our findings provide deeper insight into the coupling at AFM/FM interface and may stimulate new device concepts utilizing chiral spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions in AFM/FM heterostructures.Control of spins in ferromagnets (FMs) utilizing antiferromagnets (AFMs) is an emerging branch of spintronics [1][2][3][4][5] . By placing an AFM layer adjacent to the FM layer, the unique electric, magnetic and transport properties of the AFM may be used to control the FM layer via interfacial coupling.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Control of spins in ferromagnets (FMs) utilizing antiferromagnets (AFMs) is an emerging branch of spintronics [1][2][3][4][5] . By placing an AFM layer adjacent to the FM layer, the unique electric, magnetic and transport properties of the AFM may be used to control the FM layer via interfacial coupling.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These pioneering experiments have been shown to generate the pure spin current in the AFM or at the AFM/FM interface 1,2,[14][15][16] and to utilize the exchange bias to break the switching symmetry [1][2][3][4] . Moreover, coherent spin precession in the FM layer can be effectively excited by an ultrafast spin-exchange-coupling torque across the AFM/FM interface 5 . The laser pulse perturbs the AFM spin arrangement, which in turn generates an intense and non-thermal transient torque acting on the FM spins.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction across an Antiferromagnet-Ferromagnet Interface

Sasaki

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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The antiferromagnet (AFM) / ferromagnet (FM) interfaces are of central importance in recently developed pure electric or ultrafast control of FM spins, where the underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. Here we report the direct observation of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) across the AFM/FM interface of IrMn/CoFeB thin films. The interfacial DMI is quantitatively measured from the asymmetric spin-wave dispersion in the FM layer using Brillouin light scattering. The DMI strength is enhanced by a factor of 7 with increasing IrMn layer thickness in the range of 1-7.5 nm. Our findings provide deeper insight into the coupling at AFM/FM interface and may stimulate new device concepts utilizing chiral spin textures such as magnetic skyrmions in AFM/FM heterostructures.Control of spins in ferromagnets (FMs) utilizing antiferromagnets (AFMs) is an emerging branch of spintronics [1][2][3][4][5] . By placing an AFM layer adjacent to the FM layer, the unique electric, magnetic and transport properties of the AFM may be used to control the FM layer via interfacial coupling. Conventionally, the AFM layer has mostly played a passive role in device operations by either improving the hardness of FM via exchange bias [6][7][8] or increasing the magnetic damping of FM through spin pumping [9][10][11][12][13] . More recently, the AFMs have been used as active control elements, leading to promising breakthroughs in the electric and ultrafast control of FM spins. For instance, electric current-induced magnetization switching of FM without an external magnetic field has been realized in the AFM/FM systems [1][2][3][4] . These pioneering experiments have been shown to generate the pure spin current in the AFM or at the AFM/FM interface 1,2,[14][15][16] and to utilize the exchange bias to break the switching symmetry [1][2][3][4] . Moreover, coherent spin precession in the FM layer can be effectively excited by an ultrafast spin-exchange-coupling torque across the AFM/FM interface 5 . The laser pulse perturbs the AFM spin arrangement, which in turn generates an intense and non-thermal transient torque acting on the FM spins. Despite these promising achievements, certain limitations such as the incomplete magnetization switching by current remain in the AFM/FM system. Thus, elucidating interaction mechanisms across the AFM/FM interface is not only important from a scientific point of view, but also of great technologic relevance.In heterostructures with broken spatial inversion symmetry, the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) has been identified as an important mechanism leading to a host of interesting phenomena. DMI promotes non-collinear spin alignments and determines the chirality and dynamics of chiral spin textures [17][18][19] . For instance, DMI stabilizes the magnetic skrymions and domain walls in the Né el configuration with certain chirality and lends a mechanism for driving skrymion and domain wall motion via spin torques [20][21][22][23][24][25] . Similarly, DMI likely contributes to the current-in...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction across an Antiferromagnet-Ferromagnet Interface

Sasaki

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…Therefore, the observed phenomenon is not a thermal effect and different from the previously studied laser-induced thermal modification of the antiferromagnetic order in antiferromagnet/ferromagnet bilayers 28 . Alternatively, coherent photon-induced electron excitation in the antiferromagnetic oxide can cause the reconstruction of antiferromagnetic order 29 or the change of anisotropy 30,31 . It is NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14769-0 ARTICLE plausible here that the X-ray-induced excitation of electrons from 2p to 3d may lead to similar effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating zero-field skyrmions in exchange-biased multilayers through X-ray illumination

et al. 2020

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Skyrmions, magnetic textures with topological stability, hold promises for high-density and energy-efficient information storage devices owing to their small size and low driving-current density. Precise creation of a single nanoscale skyrmion is a prerequisite to further understand the skyrmion physics and tailor skyrmion-based applications. Here, we demonstrate the creation of individual skyrmions at zero-field in an exchange-biased magnetic multilayer with exposure to soft X-rays. In particular, a single skyrmion with 100-nm size can be created at the desired position using a focused X-ray spot of sub-50-nm size. This single skyrmion creation is driven by the X-ray-induced modification of the antiferromagnetic order and the corresponding exchange bias. Furthermore, artificial skyrmion lattices with various arrangements can be patterned using X-ray. These results demonstrate the potential of accurate optical control of single skyrmion at sub-100 nm scale. We envision that X-ray could serve as a versatile tool for local manipulation of magnetic orders.

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“…Ранее [5,6] было показано, что короткие лазерные импульсы могут вызывать нетепловую переориентацию спинов в антиферромагнитных (АФМ) материалах гораздо быстрее, чем в ферромагнитных (ФМ). На этой основе созданы ФМ/АФМ-гетероструктуры с обменным взаимодействием [7] и продемонстрировано, что в таких структурах эффективность возбуждения спиновой прецессии существенно выше, чем в чистом ФМ-материале.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Magnetization In Multilayer Tbco / Feco Structurunclassified

Dynamics of Magnetization in Multilayer TbCo / FeCo Structures under the Influence of Femtosecond Optical Excitation

Ilyin

Klimov

Tiercelin

et al. 2019

Rossijskij tehnologičeskij žurnal

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The need to study ultrafast processes in magnetism is due to the prospects for creating ultrafast magnetic recording and ultrafast spintronic devices. In order to excite the magnetic subsystem femtosecond optical pulses are used. The excitement is manifested as in spin precession. In metals, the material is heated first due to significant optical absorption, and significant Joule losses occur. The most important task is to search for materials in which spin processes are excited without heating. Obvious candidates are weakly absorbing materials, such as ferrite garnets. However, the range of such materials and the range of their functionality are limited.The purpose of this work is to study the dynamics of systems with nonthermal mechanisms of spin precession excitation. Such excitation is possible in ferromagnetic / antiferromagnetic heterostructures with exchange interaction, provided that the recombination time of photocarriers is shorter than the time of heat diffusion. Multilayer TbCo / FeCo structures of the near IR range were investigated for a femtosecond optical pulse. The spin dynamics are compared with the direction of the wave vector of the exciting pulse along and perpendicular to the axis of easy magnetization of the structures (“easy axis” and “hard axis” geometry, respectively). It is shown that in case of “easy axis” geometry the determinative mechanism is the thermal interaction. When the system is exposed to an excitation pulse, this mechanism leads to a decrease in the projection of magnetization on the direction of propagation of the test beam. In case of “hard axis” geometry, the magnetization turns to the magnetic field at the initial stage. Then it precesses and relaxes to an equilibrium angular orientation. Such dynamics indicate a rapid recovery of the uniaxial anisotropy field after laser irradiation. The presented results demonstrate an ultrafast change in the magnetic anisotropy induced during the fabrication of the heterostructure under study, which may be of interest for optical control of the orientation of the magnetization.

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Ultrafast spin exchange-coupling torque via photo-excited charge-transfer processes

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction across an Antiferromagnet-Ferromagnet Interface

Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction across an Antiferromagnet-Ferromagnet Interface

Creating zero-field skyrmions in exchange-biased multilayers through X-ray illumination

Dynamics of Magnetization in Multilayer TbCo / FeCo Structures under the Influence of Femtosecond Optical Excitation

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