Ultrafiltration as an advanced tertiary treatment process for municipal wastewater

Characterization of natural organic matter treated by iron oxide nanoparticle incorporated ceramic membrane-ozonation process

“…Numerous studies pertaining to fouling phenomena and fouling reduction have been performed in attempts to further understand the fouling mechanism and to overcome membrane disadvantages. In general, feed water characteristics, membrane type, and operation conditions have been considered the primary factors affecting the membrane performance (Roorda et al, 2005;Tchobanoglous et al, 1998). In addition, several researchers have examined the effects of ozone in overcoming the above membrane disadvantages (Mozia et al, 2006;Oh et al, 2007;Shanbhag et al, 1998).…”

Understanding the Size and Character of Fouling-Causing Substances from Effluent Organic Matter (EfOM) in Low-Pressure Membrane Filtration

“…In a full-scale application a backwash would be necessary after this time as the filtration of another 1000 mg/m 2 results only in a further 10% flux loss. A backwash every 15-30 min corresponds to the typical backwash interval in wastewater membrane filtration(8,9) while a backwash is usually performed every 30-60 min in drinking water applications(10).…”

Membrane Processes for Wastewater Treatment

“…Turan (2004) investigated the performance of thin film composite (TFC) NF (TFC-S) and RO (TFC-HR) membranes in the treatment of dairy industry wastewater (2,000-10,000 mg/L of COD). Membranes were made of polyamide composite by Koch-Fluid Systems.…”