Ultralight sponges of poly(para-xylylene) by template-assisted chemical vapour deposition

Moss, Tobias; Paulus, Ilka E.; Raps, Daniel; Altstädt, Volker; Greiner, Andreas

doi:10.1515/epoly-2016-0329

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Different kinds of degradable polymers can be used for scaffold production, e.g. polylactide (PLA), ,, poly(lactide- co -glycolide) (PLGA), − PLGA/Collagen, PLA/PHBV, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), , chitosan, PLA/chitosan, and cellulose systems. − , By comparison, only a modest number of 3D scaffold fabrication techniques have been developed that provide a dynamic framework with high porosity, a broad user-adjustable structural and mechanical integrity in combination with chemical diversity . Moreover, in order to work as an artificial ECM, the scaffold has to bridge the gap between mechanical and biochemical requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraporous, Compressible, Wettable Polylactide/Polycaprolactone Sponges for Tissue Engineering

et al. 2018

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Ultraporous, degradable sponges made of either polylactide or of blends of polylactide/poly(ε-caprolactone) are prepared by freeze-drying of dispersions of short electrospun fibers and subsequent thermal annealing. The sponges feature ultrahigh porosity (99.6%), a hierarchical cellular structure, and high reversible compressibility with fast recovery from deformation in the dry as well as in the wet state. The sponge properties depend on the fiber dispersion concentration and the annealing temperature. Sponge characteristics like fiber density (2.5-20 mg/cm), size, shape, crystallinity, mechanical strength, wetability, and structural integrity are user adjustable. Cell culture experiments were successfully performed with Jurkat cells with Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and MTT staining showing rapid cell proliferation. Live/Dead staining demonstrated high viability of the seeded cells. The sponge characteristics and modifications investigated and presented here reveal that these sponges are highly promising for tissue engineering applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraporous, Compressible, Wettable Polylactide/Polycaprolactone Sponges for Tissue Engineering

et al. 2018

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“…[ 69 ] In a report by Greiner and co‐workers, they made 3D foam structures using a template‐assisted approach, wherein expanded polystyrene and sugar cubes were used as template foams. [ 70 ] PPX polymer was then coated on these foams, and subsequently, the template foam structure was dissolved to obtain inverse foam structures. In this particular case, inverse foam structures made up of parylene polymers gave insight into the actual foam structure and properties and, at the same time, showed interesting wetting behavior and thermal properties that can be exploited for use in various applications.…”

Section: D To 3d Spatial Architectures By Templated Cvd Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Strategies for Structurally Controlled Polymer Surfaces via Cyclophane‐Based CVD Polymerization and Post‐CVD Fabrication

et al. 2022

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Molecular structuring of soft matter with precise arrangements over multiple hierarchical levels, especially on polymer surfaces, and enabling their post‐synthetic modulation has tremendous potential for application in molecular engineering and interfacial science. Here, recent research and developments in design strategies for structurally controlled polymer surfaces via cyclophane‐based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization with precise control over chemical functionalities and post‐CVD fabrication via orthogonal surface functionalization that facilitates the formation of designable biointerfaces are summarized. Particular discussion about innovative approaches for the templated synthesis of shape‐controlled CVD polymers, ranging from 1D to 3D architecture, including inside confined nanochannels, nanofibers/nanowires synthesis into an anisotropic media such as liquid crystals, and CVD polymer nanohelices via hierarchical chirality transfer across multiple length scales is provided. Aiming at multifunctional polymer surfaces via CVD copolymerization of multiple precursors, the structural and functional design of the fundamental [2.2]paracyclophane (PCP) precursor molecules, that is, functional CVD monomer chemistry is also described. Technologically advanced and innovative surface deposition techniques toward topological micro‐ and nanostructuring, including microcontact printing, photopatterning, photomask, and lithographic techniques such as dip‐pen nanolithography, showcasing research from the authors’ laboratories as well as other's relevant important findings in this evolving field are highlighted that have introduced new programmable CVD polymerization capabilities. Perspectives, current limitations, and future considerations are provided.

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“…Recently, we observed that porous materials such as sugar cubes can act as templates for the generation of ultralight PPX foams. [ 41 ] These foams exhibit interesting properties such as good thermal insulation or the ability to separate oil/water mixtures. Although complex structures can be coated, it is known that the thickness of coatings through small holes decreases with increasing distance ( Figure ).…”

Section: Background Of Ppxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of Poly(para‐xylylene)s—Opportunities and Challenges as Coating Material

Moss

Greiner

2020

Adv Materials Inter

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The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of poly(para‐xylylene)s (PPX) is an enabling technology for materials design as well as for numerous high‐performance applications. Additionally, PPX possesses of a unique set of structure–property relationships that can be tuned over a wide range. Different strategies vary from functionalization of the most used precursor [2.2]paracyclophane to the testing of new precursors and the copolymerization with various monomers. In this review, some recent developments on synthesis and properties of this unique class of polymers, the PPX, are reported.

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Ultralight sponges of poly(para-xylylene) by template-assisted chemical vapour deposition

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Ultraporous, Compressible, Wettable Polylactide/Polycaprolactone Sponges for Tissue Engineering

Ultraporous, Compressible, Wettable Polylactide/Polycaprolactone Sponges for Tissue Engineering

Design Strategies for Structurally Controlled Polymer Surfaces via Cyclophane‐Based CVD Polymerization and Post‐CVD Fabrication

Functionalization of Poly(para‐xylylene)s—Opportunities and Challenges as Coating Material

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