Ultrasensitive, flexible, and low-cost nanoporous piezoresistive composites for tactile pressure sensing

Li, Jing; Orrego, Santiago; Pan, Junjie; He, Peisheng; Kang, Sung Hoon

doi:10.1039/c8nr09959f

Cited by 74 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…[ 9 ] Numerous interesting nanomaterials and smart structures have been designed with a view to outstanding performance in a broad range. These designs include a network of percolative nanomaterial blocks, [ 87 ] interlocked mechanisms, [ 93 ] porous networks, [ 94–96 ] conductively coated micro/nanofibers, [ 97 ] and other patterns. [ 98,99 ] For example, Figure A shows the sea urchin‐shaped microparticles (SUSM) with a forest of nanostructured spines.…”

Section: Resistive Stretchable Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Rational Design and Materials of High‐Performance Stretchable Electromechanical Sensors

Dinh

Nguyen

Phan

et al. 2020

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curved surfaces and deformed objects. [5,6] An effective solution is using stretchable intrinsic materials and stretchable structural designs to form mechanical sensors. [7,8] Compared to conventional rigid sensors, it is desirable for stretchable sensors to provide mechanical robustness, biocomparability, multifunctionality, as well as comfort of wearing such sensors. [9,10] Stretchable electromechanical sensors are capable of being comfortably attached on the human body and skin and perceiving mechanical stimuli. These sensors have huge potential applications in personal healthcare, including detection of human motion/gesture, breath, and pulse monitoring. Stretchable electromechanical sensors have recently attracted great interest due to their high sensitivity, stretchability, simplicity in design, and implementation. Compared with the other kinds of sensors, for example, stretchable piezoelectric/triboelectric sensors, electromechanical sensors usually require supply power or battery.A stretchable sensor typically consists of a sensing block embedded or integrated into a stretchable substrate that can be elongated under application of mechanical stimuli. [11,12] The sensing block acts as a mechanical sensing unit, which for instance converts stress/strain into a measurable electrical signal. The presence of nanomaterials and composites in the sensing block has been utilized as a preferable design for stretchable sensors. [11,13] Selection criteria of these materials include structural stretchability, suitable conductivity, and high mechanical strength. Designing the sensing structure aims for high sensitivity, fast response, linearity, and a wide working range. [14,15] The integration of nanomaterials and nanocomposites into stretchable sensors are currently an emerging trend of wearable sensors in their research, development, and commercialization. [10,11] The development of stretchable sensors with low power consumption for portable applications is also of great interest. [16,17] The conventional design method for "partly stretchable" sensing devices integrates "hard" sensors and "soft" interconnects to form "island-interconnect" configurations. [18,19] This approach deploys an isolated island to carry the rigid sensors and a stretchable network of interconnections. Geometric engineering structures including serpentine and fractal designs have been widely employed, to achieve stretchability Stretchable and wearable sensor technology has attracted significant interests and created high technological impact on portable healthcare and smart human-machine interfaces. Wearable electromechanical systems are an important part of this technology that has recently witnessed tremendous progress toward high-performance devices for commercialization. Over the past few years, great attention has been paid to simultaneously enhance the sensitivity and stretchability of the electromechanical sensors toward high sensitivity, ultra-stretchability, low power consumption or selfpower functionalities, miniaturisation as well a...

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Section: Resistive Stretchable Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Rational Design and Materials of High‐Performance Stretchable Electromechanical Sensors

Dinh

Nguyen

Phan

et al. 2020

Small

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“…Flexible tactile sensors have been developed based on various transduction mechanisms, such as capacitive [21], piezoresistive [22,23], piezoelectric [24], and triboelectric effects [25]. Among them, the piezoresistive type has exhibited intensive potentials due to their excellent flexibility, relatively high sensitivity, and broad measuring range [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, the piezoresistive type has exhibited intensive potentials due to their excellent flexibility, relatively high sensitivity, and broad measuring range [26,27]. Carbon nanotube (CNT) [22], graphene [27], and metal nanowires/nanoparticles [11,28] have been the most common choices to fabricate the piezoresistive tactile sensors, among which graphene is a considerable candidate owing to its superior electrical and mechanical properties [29]. For example, graphene films fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and graphene foam from freeze-drying have been reported to work as the tactile sensing elements with ultrahigh sensitivity [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Fully Flexible Tactile Pressure Sensor with Bilayer Interlaced Bumps for Robotic Grasping Applications

et al. 2020

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Flexible tactile sensors have been utilized in intelligent robotics for human-machine interaction and healthcare monitoring. The relatively low flexibility, unbalanced sensitivity and sensing range of the tactile sensors are hindering the accurate tactile information perception during robotic hand grasping of different objects. This paper developed a fully flexible tactile pressure sensor, using the flexible graphene and silver composites as the sensing element and stretchable electrodes, respectively. As for the structural design of the tactile sensor, the proposed bilayer interlaced bumps can be used to convert external pressure into the stretching of graphene composites. The fabricated tactile sensor exhibits a high sensing performance, including relatively high sensitivity (up to 3.40% kPa−1), wide sensing range (200 kPa), good dynamic response, and considerable repeatability. Then, the tactile sensor has been integrated with the robotic hand finger, and the grasping results have indicated the capability of using the tactile sensor to detect the distributed pressure during grasping applications. The grasping motions, properties of the objects can be further analyzed through the acquired tactile information in time and spatial domains, demonstrating the potential applications of the tactile sensor in intelligent robotics and human-machine interfaces.

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“…Different strategies have been tried to obtain smart nanocomposite with different properties, like piezoresistivity (sensors) and conductivity (electrical connection). The most recent researches proved that adding carbon nanoparticles (such as graphene nano platelets (GNP), or carbon black (CB), or carbon nanotubes (CNT)) to commercial polymer composites can provide an improvement of the mechanical behaviors [1][2][3], thermal conductivity [4,5], electric conductivity [6][7][8][9], and piezoresistive behavior [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The polymer composites containing CNT, or carbon nanoparticles, or both also showed piezoresistive behavior. Therefore, they were investigated for fabrication of stress, strain or pressure sensors [12][13][14][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoresistive and mechanical Behavior of CNT based polyurethane foam

et al. 2020

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Carbon nanotubes (CNT) embedded into a polymeric foam demonstrate an enhancement in electrical and mechanical properties of the final nanocomposite. The enhanced material with new characteristics, e.g., piezoresistivity, can be substituted with the traditional metallic material to design sensors, switches, and knobs directly into a single multifunctional component. Research activities in this field are moving towards a mono-material fully integrated smarts components. In order to achieve this goal, a simple method is developed to produce piezoresistive polyurethane/CNT foams. The novelty consists in applying the dispersion of CNT considering industrial production constrains, in order to facilitate its introduction into a common industrial practice. Three kinds of PU-CNT foam have been prepared and tested: PU-CNT 1.5%, PU-CNT-COOH 1.0%, and PU-CNT-COOH 1.5%. Polyurethane with CNT-COOH showed an insulating-conductive transition phenomenon when the foam reaches the 80% of its compression strain with a Gauge factor (Gf) of about 30. Instead, PU-CNT showed conductivity only at 1.5% of filler concentration and a steady piezoresistive behavior with a Gf of 80. However, this samples did not show the insulating-conductive transition. Having improved the electromechanical properties of final nanocomposite polyurethane foam demonstrates that the proposed method can be applied differently for design sensors and switches.

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Ultrasensitive, flexible, and low-cost nanoporous piezoresistive composites for tactile pressure sensing

Abstract: We report a facile sacrificial casting–etching method to synthesize nanoporous carbon nanotube/polymer composites for ultra-sensitive and low-cost piezoresistive pressure sensors.

Cited by 74 publications

References 57 publications

Advances in Rational Design and Materials of High‐Performance Stretchable Electromechanical Sensors

Advances in Rational Design and Materials of High‐Performance Stretchable Electromechanical Sensors

Development of Fully Flexible Tactile Pressure Sensor with Bilayer Interlaced Bumps for Robotic Grasping Applications

Piezoresistive and mechanical Behavior of CNT based polyurethane foam

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