Ultrasonic transducer materials for medical applications

Hadjicostis, A. N.; Hottinger, C. F.; Rosen, Jerome; Wells, P.N.T.

doi:10.1080/00150198408017515

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Electromechanical properties of some piezoelectric materials. Data from Bowen et al (1996) and Hadjicostis et al (1984). but, because of its high Q, it is not as good as PZT5 in pulse operation.…”

Section: Transducer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic imaging of the human body

Wells

1999

Rep. Prog. Phys.

161

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Ultrasonic imaging is a mature medical technology. It accounts for one in four imaging studies and this proportion is increasing. Wave propagation, beam formation, the Doppler effect and the properties of tissues that affect imaging are discussed. The transducer materials and construction of the probes used in imaging are described, as well as the methods of measuring the ultrasonic field. The history of ultrasonic imaging is briefly reviewed. The pulse-echo technique is used for real-time grey-scale imaging and the factors that limit the spatial and temporal resolutions are considered. The construction and performance of transducer arrays are discussed, together with the associated beam steering and signal processing systems. Speckle and scattering by blood are introduced, particularly in the context of the observation of blood flow by means of the Doppler effect and by time-domain signal processing. Colour flow imaging, and the colour coding schemes used for velocity and power imaging, are explained. The acquisition and display of three-dimensional images are discussed, with particular reference to speed and segmentation. Specialized imaging methods, including endoluminal scanning, synthetic aperture imaging, computed tomography, elasticity imaging, microscanning, contrast agents, and tissue harmonic imaging, are reviewed. There is a discussion of issues relating to safety. Conclusions are drawn and future prospects are considered.

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Section: Transducer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic imaging of the human body

Wells

1999

Rep. Prog. Phys.

161

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“…The excitation voltage Uht is obtained with the help of a voltage booster (4). The excitation of the transducer is synchronized with respect to the oscillator frequency (1) with a comparator (2). The block (3) delivers the excitation impulse of duration t. The output signal of the receiver is amplified by (5).…”

Section: The Principle Of the Threshold Electronic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transducers are generally produced with piezoelectric ceramics. Another possibility consists of using a piezoelectric polymer, PVDF [2,3]. This polymer has an acoustic impedance similar to that of water and most plastic materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic detection of air bubbles in ducts using PVDF

Benech

Novakov²

1999

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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This work demonstrates the feasibility of detection of air bubbles in ducts using PVDF transducers. The transducers are easy to realize and the matching of acoustic impedance between the PVDF and the tube can be achieved with simple means. The modelling of the acoustic part is in good agreement with the experimental results and can be used to design sensors of the same type but using different materials for the support and tube.

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Ultrasound

Wells

2007

Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia

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Ultrasonic transducer materials for medical applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Ultrasonic imaging of the human body

Ultrasonic imaging of the human body

Ultrasonic detection of air bubbles in ducts using PVDF

Ultrasound

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