Ultrasonic treatment of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide enhances antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity in a mouse D‐galactose‐induced aging model

Abstract

Utilization of the biological macromolecule Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) as a functional ingredient is limited by its high intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight. The goal of the present study was to improve rheological properties of DOP by ultrasonic treatment. Such a treatment resulted in the degradation of DOP and consequent reduction of rheological properties. Among DOP samples treated with ultrasonication at low (L), medium (M), and high (H) power intensities (25, 50, 75 w/cm 2 ), M‐DOP displayed the highest reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) radical scavenging activity in vitro. In a mouse D‐galactose (D‐Gal)‐induced aging model, M‐DOP significantly increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in liver. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analysis indicated that M‐DOP upregulated messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of anti‐inflammatory/antioxidant proteins such as Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor), hemeoxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) in liver. In summary, M‐DOP displayed a strong radical scavenging activity in vitro, and ameliorated liver injury in the mouse aging model through the promotion of Nrf2/HO‐1/NQO1 signaling pathway.

Anti-aging trait of whey protein against brain damage of senile rats

“…Cortical and subcortical micro-infarcts, scattered white matter disorders have all been connected to these processes. These injuries resulted in demyelination and axonal damage [1][2][3][4]. In addition, the ischemic damaging of the neuronal cells and the development of cerebral micro-hemorrhages of venous origin facilitate neurodegenerative disorders and dementia [5,6].…”

Preparation of Dendrobium officinale Flower Anthocyanin and Extended Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans

“…Therefore, people try to find the best natural ingredient to treat these diseases and to improve quality of life. There is a growing interest in herbal remedies because of their effectiveness, minimal side effects, and relatively low cost [ 32 , 33 ]. D. officinale is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, and its flower has been reported to be a source containing a large number of phenolic components [ 20 , 34 ], which are of great value in serving potential food functions.…”

Advances in health-promoting effects of natural polysaccharides: Regulation on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway

“…In terms of NPs having regulation on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway from herbs, M w values of them have been determined to range from 2.273 to 2,617 kDa ( 41 , 54 – 56 ). The polysaccharides were composed of fucose (Fuc), ribose (Rib), mannose (Man), glucose (Glc), arabinose (Ara), galactose (Gal), rhamnose (Rha), xylose (Xyl), glucuronic acid (GlcA), galacturonic acid (GalA), glucosamine (GlcN), and/or galactosamine (GalN) ( 18 , 56 – 58 ). Moreover, Glc, Ara, Gal, and Rha were four monosaccharide types widely discovered in the polysaccharides ( 18 , 41 , 54 , 55 , 57 – 62 ).…”

“…Animals experiments have demonstrated that NPs from herbs could regulate Nrf2 antioxidant pathway for liver protection ( 14 , 36 , 41 , 54 , 57 , 67 , 116 , 120 , 147 – 153 ), kidney protection ( 21 , 59 , 154 – 157 ), lung protection ( 20 , 158 ), neuroprotection ( 22 , 121 ), cardioprotection ( 124 , 159 ), gastrointestinal protection ( 16 , 40 , 48 , 127 , 128 , 160 , 161 ), anti-oxidation ( 15 , 47 , 162 – 164 ), anti-diabetic ( 56 , 58 , 135 , 146 , 165 , 166 ), anti-aging ( 18 , 68 , 84 , 167 ), anti-inflammation ( 23 ), anti-depression ( 25 ), anti-cancer ( 168 ), and improving reproductive function ( 169 , 170 ), as implied in Table 1 .…”

“…Polysaccharides from natural resources (NPs) have been reported to play key roles in regulating excessive oxidative stress ( 13 ). In the past few decades, regulations of NPs on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway have been extensively studied in their health-promoting effects, such as liver protection ( 14 ), antioxidant ( 15 ), gastrointestinal protection ( 16 ), anti-diabetic ( 17 ), anti-aging ( 18 ), cardioprotection ( 19 ), lung protection ( 20 ), kidney protection ( 21 ), neuroprotection ( 22 ), anti-inflammation ( 23 ), immunomodulation ( 24 ), anti-depression ( 25 ), anti-cancer ( 26 ), improving reproductive function ( 27 ), anti-radiation ( 28 ), and anti-atherosclerosis ( 29 ). However, the information concerning regulation of NPs on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway is scattered, and NPs show different regulatory behaviors in their different health-promoting processes.…”