Ultrasonographical and hormonal description of the normal ovulatory menstrual cycle

Bakos, Oddvar; Lundkvist, Örjan; Wide, Leif; Bergh, Torbjörn

doi:10.3109/00016349409072507

Cited by 104 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Even in empirical articles that report little luteal variation in ET, a clear, though qualitative, change in ET can be observed (Figure 2, Table 6). Research measuring ET serially is infrequent, but we have found articles that document ET via transvaginal ultrasound in Canadian (Baerwald and Pierson, 2004), Scottish (Randall et al, 1989), English (Raine-Fenning et al, 2004), and Swedish populations (Bakos et al, 1994). There are a few confounding problems with the serial measurements from the literature when it comes to assessing luteal endometrial function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endometrial thickness is not independent of luteal phase day in a rural Polish population

Clancy

Ellison

Jasieńska

et al. 2009

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The endometrium is important for luteal phase function, implantation, placentation, and gestation. Endometrial morphology has been shown to impact early pregnancy success in in vitro fertilization and egg donor cycles and has been implicated in conception success in spontaneous cycles. However, few studies have monitored endometrial morphology in normo-ovulatory women or examined possible population variation in its physiology or thickness. Further, the methodology of most studies of the endometrium is to take a single measurement close to ovulation, meaning the endometrium is not often measured during the window of implantation; the assumption has been that an individual's endometrial thickness (ET) is consistent through the luteal phase. Therefore, we have tested the hypothesis that ET is independent of luteal phase day in a study of urban-dwelling US and rural Polish women. We found that ET is not independent of luteal phase day in this sample of rural Polish women: ET is negatively associated with cycle day (P = 0.03). Compared to the US sample, the Polish sample also had a significantly later age at menarche (P = 0.002), lower midluteal progesterone concentrations (P = 0.0006), lower C-peptide concentrations (P = 0.0003), and higher energy expenditure (P = 0.03), suggesting greater energetic constraint. The relationship between ET and luteal phase length highlights the need to measure the endometrium serially over the menstrual cycle in order to better document inter-and intra-population variation in reproductive function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endometrial thickness is not independent of luteal phase day in a rural Polish population

Clancy

Ellison

Jasieńska

et al. 2009

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“…The clinical part of the research protocol was designed on the assumption of a good correlation between the diameter of the dominant follicle and serum concentration of estradiol [19,20,27,28]. During the follicular phase, a blood sample was taken only when the dominant follicle was visible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of dominant follicles was determined by measuring one diameter in the case of a round follicle and calculating the mean of two diameters if the follicle was oval [19,20]. Two scans were performed; the first scan at the end of menstrual bleeding (day 5-7 of menstrual cycle) and the second one 4 to 5 days later (day 9-12 of the cycle).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible influence of menstrual cycle on lymphocyte X chromosome mosaicism

Geršak

Perme-Pohar

Veble

et al. 2014

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose Estrogens are known to selectively influence cell proliferation. Physiological variations of blood hormone concentration might play a role in regulating the level of X chromosome aneuploidy. In this study we observed the percentages of X aneuploid cells in standard lymphocyte cultures from blood samples obtained in relation to the menstrual cycle, noting whether collection occurred during either the follicular or the luteal phase. Methods A study consisting of 28 women with X mosaicism and recurrent pregnancy loss, and 28 age-matched healthy controls. Cytogenetic studies were carried out on peripheral blood samples according to standard procedures. Results A significant difference in the percentage of X aneuploidy was found in blood samples obtained during different phases of the menstrual cycle. In the case group, the mean value of aneuploid cells in the follicular and luteal phase samples was 10.0 and 6.3 % respectively and in the control group, it was 2.8 and 1.0 % (P<0.0001). The difference in the case group varied between 0 and 8 % (3.6±2.1 %) and in the control group between 0 and 4 % (1.7±1.1 %). The specificity for detecting true X mosaicism was 0.875. We estimate that the initial diagnosis of X mosaicism could be correct in 68 % of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. Conclusions This observational study establishes that the time of blood sampling in relation to the menstrual cycle can influence lymphocyte X chromosome mosaicism. The results, further proven by additional controlled studies, would have practical implications for genetic counselling and fertility treatment.

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“…Studies of ovulatory function in HIVseropositive women have mixed results. While anovulatory cycles are reported to occur in 5-31% of healthy women with regular menses (27,28), they were reported in 48% of HIV-infected women in one small study, with a trend to occur more in women with low CD4 cell counts (29). Another small study reported anovulatory cycles in almost one third of HIV-positive women reporting normal menses (30), but a larger study of 55 HIV-infected and 10 negative controls reported ovulatory cycles in 96% of the seropositive and 78% of the seronegative women (31).…”

Section: Menstrual Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynecologic issues in the HIV-infected woman

Cejtin

2003

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America

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Ultrasonographical and hormonal description of the normal ovulatory menstrual cycle

Cited by 104 publications

References 29 publications

Endometrial thickness is not independent of luteal phase day in a rural Polish population

Endometrial thickness is not independent of luteal phase day in a rural Polish population

Possible influence of menstrual cycle on lymphocyte X chromosome mosaicism

Gynecologic issues in the HIV-infected woman

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