Ultrasound-assisted leaching of spent lithium ion batteries by natural organic acids and H2O2

Esmaeili, Maryam; Rastegar, Seyed Omid; Beigzadeh, Reza; Gu, Tingyue

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126670

Cited by 93 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Oxalic acid is used to recover Co and Mn, generating oxalate precipitates. Esmaeili et al [48] investigated the leaching of valuable metals from spent LIBs using ultrasound-assisted bioacid. Organic acids from lemon juice and hydrogen peroxide are used as leaching agents.…”

Section: Acid Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Lithium Batteries—A Review

et al. 2022

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With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry in recent years, the use of lithium batteries is growing rapidly. From 2015 to 2040, the production of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles could reach 0.33 to 4 million tons. It is predicted that a total of 21 million end-of-life lithium battery packs will be generated between 2015 and 2040. Spent lithium batteries can cause pollution to the soil and seriously threaten the safety and property of people. They contain valuable metals, such as cobalt and lithium, which are nonrenewable resources, and their recycling and treatment have important economic, strategic, and environmental benefits. Estimations show that the weight of spent electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries will reach 500,000 tons in 2020. Methods for safely and effectively recycling lithium batteries to ensure they provide a boost to economic development have been widely investigated. This paper summarizes the recycling technologies for lithium batteries discussed in recent years, such as pyrometallurgy, acid leaching, solvent extraction, electrochemical methods, chlorination technology, ammoniation technology, and combined recycling, and presents some views on the future research direction of lithium batteries.

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Section: Acid Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Lithium Batteries—A Review

et al. 2022

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“…In general, organic acids are less corrosive, allow greater selectivity, and can be easily obtained from the processing of materials found in nature [26]. Finally, organic acids are presented as interesting options for leaching from different species [27].…”

Section: Silica Nanoparticles Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesized Silica Nanosuspension as Thermal Fluid in Parabolic Solar Panels

Corzo-Deluquez

Pineda-Muñoz

Ruíz-Chamorro

et al. 2021

Entropy

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In this work, the production of biologically synthesized silica nanoparticles was proposed to prepare a nanosuspension as a thermal fluid in parabolic solar panels at the laboratory level. Silica nanoparticles were produced from construction sand in two stages. Biosynthesis broth was produced by Aspergillus niger aerated fermentation in a 1 L bioreactor for 9 days. Each supernatant was contacted with 18% construction sand in a 500 L reactor with mechanical agitation, at a temperature of 25 °C, and a contact time of 30 min. Subsequently, the separation process was carried out. For day 9, a pH value of 1.71 was obtained as well as acid concentrations of 15.78 g/L for citrus and 4.16 g/L for malic. The metal extraction efficiency of Si nanoparticles was 19%. The vibration peaks in the FTIR were characteristic of the presence of silica nanoparticles in wavenumbers 1020 cm−1 and 1150 cm−1. Finally, a prototype solar radiation test bench for parabolic systems was built and provided with a radiation source that falls on a translucent pipe that transports the nanoparticles, which has a pump and a series of thermocouples. The heat capacity of the biotechnologically produced silica nanoparticle suspension was 0.72 ± 0.05 kJ/kgK, using material and energy balances in the flow circuit.

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“…This new way uses the biogenic acid obtained from natural organic sources such as lime or lemon that are rich in organic acids such as citric acid, maleic acid, and ascorbic acid. Using these bio-acids not only are environmentally friendly but also are good at resolving slow kinetics of bioleaching [15,23]. Rahimi et al [15] used natural bio-acids from lemon juice to recover of vanadium from fly ash which achieved nearly 100% recovery after 3 h. In another study, Esmaeili et al [23] used lemon juice to extract valuable metal from lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with recovery yields of 100% Li, 96% Co, and 96% Ni after 45 min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using these bio-acids not only are environmentally friendly but also are good at resolving slow kinetics of bioleaching [15,23]. Rahimi et al [15] used natural bio-acids from lemon juice to recover of vanadium from fly ash which achieved nearly 100% recovery after 3 h. In another study, Esmaeili et al [23] used lemon juice to extract valuable metal from lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with recovery yields of 100% Li, 96% Co, and 96% Ni after 45 min. In the literature, no studies have been reported using natural organic acids to extract precious metals from PCBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…results showed that increasing H 2 O 2 concentration from 3.84 to 12.2% (v/v) and decreasing S/L ratio from 4.09 to 1.41% (w/v) resulted in increased Cu recovery from 16.2 to 76.0%. The positive effect of H 2 O 2 was attributed to increased solution potential (E h ) that led to the breaking of the chemical bond of Cu from solid matrices[23]. According to Purbe diagram in Hong et al[24], Cu can change to ion form at high solution E h 0.34 V, which was achieved by adding H 2 O 2 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Optimization of metal bio-acid leaching from mobile phone printed circuit boards using natural organic acids and H2O2

Ozairy

Rastegar

Beigzadeh

et al. 2021

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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With increased popularity and technological innovation, more and more electric and electronic equipment wastes (e-wastes) are being generated. Printed circuit boards (PCBs) as fundamental components of electronic wastes, consist of both precious and heavy metals. In this research, the simultaneous extraction Cu and Zn from PCBs used in mobile phones with a natural organic acid and H 2 O 2 was examined. The organic acid was determined from agricultural lemon fruit. The leaching extraction factors investigated include lemon juice concentration, solid/liquid (S/L) ratio, and H 2 O 2 concentration. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the extraction which resulted in the maximum recoveries of 89% Cu and 73% Zn at 1.41% (w/v) S/L ratio, 12.2% (v/v) H 2 O 2 , and 74% (v/v) lemon juice after 4 h at 20 °C. The effect of time on the Cu and Zn recoveries at the determined optimum condition was examined. Furthermore, a kinetic study based on a shrinking core model was performed and the result showed that mass diffusion was rate-limiting in the extraction.

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Ultrasound-assisted leaching of spent lithium ion batteries by natural organic acids and H2O2

Cited by 93 publications

References 40 publications

Recycling of Lithium Batteries—A Review

Recycling of Lithium Batteries—A Review

Biosynthesized Silica Nanosuspension as Thermal Fluid in Parabolic Solar Panels

Optimization of metal bio-acid leaching from mobile phone printed circuit boards using natural organic acids and H2O2

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