Ultrasound-assisted surfactant/ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system extraction prior to high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of tetracyclines in milk and honey samples

Abstract

Abstract:In this work, an ultrasonic-assisted surfactant/ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) extraction method was developed to extract six tetracycline antibiotics from food samples before their chromatographic determination using high performance liquid chromatography. The ATPS was formed with 1-allyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bromide, Triton X-100, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. The parameters including type and amount of surfactant, ionic liquid and salt, pH of sample solution, and sonication time were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, linear calibration curves of the six tetracyclines were obtained in the range of 10-500 µ g L −1 with > r 2 = 0.990 (n = 9). The proposed green analytical extraction method was applied to the analysis of tetracycline antibiotics in milk and honey samples with recovery of 50%-110% and 68%-117%, respectively.

Advances Brought by Hydrophilic Ionic Liquids in Fields Involving Pharmaceuticals

“…Furthermore, and given that one of the main advantages of IL-based ABS is their versatile formulation, components other than salts can be used. In this context, non-ionic surfactants and sodium dodecyl sulfate were added to IL-salt formulations to form ABS and further preconcentrate antibiotics contained in food or biological samples prior to analysis by HPLC with a UV detector [ 142 , 143 ].…”

“…In summary, the area of research of hydrophilic ILs as ABS components within the (bio)analytical field is currently dominated by imidazolium-based ILs [ 126 , 127 , 129 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 142 , 143 ] with the emergence of some works dealing with quaternary ammonium-, guanidinium-, and phosphonium-based compounds [ 126 , 127 , 129 , 135 , 141 , 145 , 146 ]. Contrarily to the application of ILs in pharmaceuticals downstream or the development of new drug delivery devices, less attention has been given to toxicological, cytotoxicological, and biodegradability effects of ILs in the analytical field.…”

Aqueous two-phase extraction technique based on magnetic ionic liquid-nonionicsurfactant for phenolic acids in grape, apple, pear, and banana

“…Thus, pH 5.5-6 was accepted as the optimum pH for extraction. The interaction between phenolic acids and ionic liquid could be defined as ππ interaction between the imidazolium ring of the ionic liquid and aromatic rings of phenolic acids [34]. The hydrophobic effect and van der Walls interactions such as with hydrogen bonds could also be observed between phenolic acids and ionic liquid in the aqueous medium.…”