Ultrasound changes in sclerosing peritonitis following continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis

“…The characteristic pre-visceral membrane which encases the tethered and matted bowel loops is demonstrated only in the late stages of the disease. 17 On CT scans, peritoneal thickening, peritoneal calcification, loculated fluid collections, and tethering of the small bowel appear to be diagnostic of SEP. More importantly, in a Case Report 18 Nevertheless, Tarzi and colleagues 19 suggested that CT scanning may not be useful as a screening tool for SEP as the scan is frequently normal even a few months before the fulminant illness. 19 Another possible explanation for their findings is that CT scanning may not be sensitive enough to detect early SEP.…”

“…16 It is imperative to diagnose SEP before it causes serious problems such as bowel perforation. 6 Ultrasound has been reported as a rapid and sensitive means for diagnosis of SEP. 17 The earliest and most common finding is increased peristalsis affecting several bowel loops. As the condition progresses, the bowel becomes increasingly tethered together posteriorly.…”

The surgical management of peritoneal dialysis catheters

“…68 Abdominal ultrasonography may demonstrate loculated ascites containing echogenic fibrin strands. Calcification may also be present and the bowel wall will be thickened 69 with tethering of the small bowel. 70 Computed tomography demonstrates these features in greater detail.…”

Abdominal Cocoon – A Rare Complication of Abdominal Tuberculosis

“…Ultrasonographic findings (Figure 1a and 1b) include clustering of small bowel loops in anterior and middle part of abdominal cavity with narrow posterior base representing cauliflower pattern associated with mural thickening of bowel loops, altered bowel peristalsis, adherence to anterior abdominal wall and to each other, interloop fluid with echogenic strands, mesenteric/omental adenopathy and thin or thick membrane formation during the late stage of the disease [7,9,10]. Bowel loop separation may not be achieved on applying pressure with ultrasound probe.…”