Ultrasound velocity in muscle

Mol, C.R.; Breddels, P. A.

doi:10.1121/1.387467

Cited by 63 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Previously, we have constructed a tissue-mimicking phantom of oriented graphite fibers (8-Aem diam) in gelatin whose structure is analogous to that ofcardiac tissue at selected transmural levels with respect to the presence oftightly packed, highly oriented scatters. Both excised cardiac tissues and tissuemimicking phantoms exhibit maximal backscatter when insonified perpendicular to fibers and maximal attenuation and speed of sound when insonified parallel to fibers (20,21,(31)(32)(33). We have extended these observations to beating hearts in open-chest dogs, which also manifest greater backscatter for insonification more perpendicular than parallel to midmyocardial fibers at all intervals during systole and diastole (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional characterization of human ventricular myofiber architecture by ultrasonic backscatter.

Wickline¹,

Verdonk²,

Miller³

1991

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional characterization of human ventricular myofiber architecture by ultrasonic backscatter.

Wickline¹,

Verdonk²,

Miller³

1991

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…The utility of using sonomicrometry to measure distances within muscle tissue and water has been established in numerous previous studies (Biewener, 2002;Hoffer et al, 1989;Sanford and Wainwright, 2002). The speed of sound in muscle was estimated as 1560·m·s -1 (Mol and Breddels, 1982). This velocity underestimated kinematic measurements because the velocity of sound in water was overestimated.…”

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle activation and strain during suction feeding in the largemouth bassMicropterus salmoides

Carroll

2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYActivation and strain in the sternohyoideus (SH) were measured in vivo in five largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. The SH is thought to actuate lower jaw depression, hyoid depression and suspensorial abduction during suction feeding in teleost fish. Sonomicrometry was used to measure fascicle shortening and lower jaw kinematics, while activity was measured by electromyography (EMG). SH fascicles shortened by an average of 11% during suction feeding. In three fish SH fascicles consistently shortened during fast lower jaw depression, but in two individuals they contracted isometrically or lengthened slightly during fast lower jaw depression. The SH continued shortening after peak gape, presumably actuating hyoid depression and lateral expansion of the buccal cavity. Onset of SH relengthening and onset of lower jaw elevation were simultaneous, as were the return of the SH to resting length and gape closure. Activation followed the onset of shortening by an average of 23 ms, although the muscle was active an average of 15 ms before the onset of rapid shortening. SH fascicles reached sustained shortening velocities averaging –2.5 fascicle lengths per second, and generally increased shortening velocity after peak gape. The shortening velocities measured in this study suggest that the SH actively shortens to generate power during suction feeding. This study is the first direct measurement of in vivo muscle function during suction feeding, the most common mechanism of prey capture among aquatic vertebrates.

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“…The speed of sound in muscle was estimated to be 1550 m s -1 (Mol and Breddels, 1982). Latency of crystal response was transduced and amplified with a Triton sonomicrometrics system (Model 120-1001; Triton Technology, San Diego, CA, USA) and digitized with the EMG signals at 2000 Hz as described above.…”

Section: Muscle Strainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mono-versusbiarticular muscle function in relation to speed and gait changes:in vivoanalysis of the goat triceps brachii

Carroll

Biewener

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThe roles of muscles that span a single joint (monoarticular) versus those that span two (biarticular) or more joints have been suggested to differ. Monoarticular muscles are argued to perform work at a joint, whereas biarticular muscles are argued to transfer energy while resisting moments across adjacent joints. To test these predictions, in vivo patterns of muscle activation, strain, and strain rate were compared using electromyography and sonomicrometry in two major elbow extensors, the long and lateral heads of the triceps brachii of goats (Capra hircus), across a range of speed (1-5 m s -1 ) and gait. Muscle recordings were synchronized to limb kinematics using high-speed digital video imaging (250 Hz). Measurements obtained from four goats (25-45 kg) showed that the monoarticular lateral head exhibited a stretch-shortening pattern (6.8±0.6% stretch and -10.6±2.7% shortening; mean ± s.e.m. for all speeds and gaits) after being activated, which parallels the flexion-extension pattern of the elbow. By contrast, the biarticular long head shortened through most of stance (-16.4±3.4%), despite elbow flexion in the first half and shoulder extension in the last half of stance. The magnitude of elbow flexion and shoulder extension increased with increasing speed (ANCOVA, P<0.05 and P<0.001), as did the magnitude and rate of active stretch of fascicles in the lateral head (P<0.001 for both). In all individuals, shortening fascicle strain rates increased with speed in the long head (P<0.001), and, in three of the four individuals, strain magnitude increased. Few independent effects of gait were found. In contrast to its expected function, the biarticular long head appears to produce positive work throughout stance, whereas the monoarticular lateral head appears to absorb work at the elbow. The biarticular anatomy of the long head may mitigate increases in muscle strain with speed in this muscle, because strain magnitude in the second phase of stance (when the shoulder extends) decreased with speed (P<0.05). Supplementary material available online at

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Ultrasound velocity in muscle

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Three-dimensional characterization of human ventricular myofiber architecture by ultrasonic backscatter.

Three-dimensional characterization of human ventricular myofiber architecture by ultrasonic backscatter.

Muscle activation and strain during suction feeding in the largemouth bassMicropterus salmoides

Mono-versusbiarticular muscle function in relation to speed and gait changes:in vivoanalysis of the goat triceps brachii

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