Ultrassonografia abdominal de tamanduás-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758) mantidos em cativeiro

Abstract

RESUMO.-A ultrassonografia é um método de imagem não invasivo e uma ferramenta importante para o diagnóstico de uma variedade de enfermidades de animais. Neste trabalho foi realizada a técnica de ultrassonografia transabdominal em cinco tamanduás-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), dois machos e três fêmeas, pertencentes ao Zoológico da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso e acompanhada a necrópsia de um animal morto de causas naturais. Os animais do zoológico foram anestesiados com Tiletamina e Zolazepam (Zoletil®) e mantidos em plano anestésico com Isofluorano. Foram realizadas varreduras com transdutor linear (LA332) multifrequencial de 3,0 a 11 MHz do fígado, vesícula biliar, estômago, baço, rins, bexiga e testícu-los. Os resultados obtidos mostram que existem semelhanças entre a arquitetura esplênica, a textura e ecogenicidade hepática, a posição e a aparência ultrassonográfica da vesí-cula biliar quando comparado com a dos caninos. Existem diferenças como localização renal, localização dos testícu-los, espessura da parede do estômago e presença de liquido livre anecóico entre o estômago, baço e rim esquerdo em todos os animais estudados. Ultrasonography is a method of non-invasive imaging and an important tool for diagnosing a variety of animal diseases. In this paper the technique of transabdominal ultrasonography in five anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), two males and three females, belonging to the Federal University of Mato Grosso Zoo and a necropsy of an animal dead for natural cause were performed. The Zoo animals were anesthetized with tiletamine and zolazepan (Zoletil®) and maintained with isoflurane. Linear multifrequency transducer (LA 332) of the 3.0 to 11 MHz scans of the liver, gallbladder, stomach, spleen, kidneys, bladder and testes. There are similarities between the splenic architecture, the liver texture and echogenicity and the gallbladder ultrassonografic position and appearance when compared to the canines. Differences exist as renal and testes location, stomach wall thickness and presence of free anechoic fluid among the stomach, spleen and left kidney in all animals studied.

Topography and syntopy of abdominopelvic viscera of the giant anteater (Myrmecophage tridactyla - Linnaeus, 1758)

“…The colon is extensive, showing no clear distinction between the descending portion and the rectal, as described in domestic animals (Konig and Liebich, 2016) and the absence of sacculations in this intestinal tract was also described in this species by Souza et al (2010), as well as certified in the current work. In the three cadavers, the right and left kidneys were visualized in the mesogastric region, supporting the reports of Lopes et al (2015); however, these anatomical structures showed a more caudal projection compared to the carnivores (Getty, 1986;Lopes et al, 2015;Konig and Liebich, 2016), especially the right, differing from the pigs, which present renal symmetry (Konig;Liebich, 2016).…”

“…Still in the giant anteater, it was observed that the smaller omentum stabilizes the stomach to the hepatic lobes, according to reports of Castro et al (2010) in domestic animals and Carvalho et al (2012) in paca (Cuniculus paca). In the anteaters of this study, the hepatic localization was observed in the more cranial portion of the abdomen, with syntopy to the diaphragm muscle and stomach, as well as the spleen caudally to the stomach and with regular contours, coinciding with the sonographic findings of Lopes et al (2015).…”

“…Scientific information about reproductive parameters of the anteaters are scarce (Luba et al, 2015). In contrast to that found in domestic animals in relation to the testicular descent (Getty, 1986;Konig and Liebich, 2016), the testes of the anteaters are characterized by intraabdominal position, dorsally to the urinary vesicle and close to the rectum, presenting oval shape, interconnected by peritoneum, similar to the anatomical descriptions of Bartmann et al (1991) and Hossotani and Luna (2016) and the sonographic findings of Lopes et al (2015). Thus, the male anteaters are similar to the rabbits, which also have the testicles housed in the abdominopelvic cavity, being externalized at the time of reproduction (Johnson-Delaney, 1996).…”

“…As for the accessory sex glands of the males, Bartmann et al (1991) affirmed that the anteater has the prostate, vesicular and bulbouretral. As described by Lopes et al (2015), the urinary vesicles were located in the pelvic cavity, in the middle sagittal position, demonstrating a pyriform shape. Bras.…”

“…Even if the stomach of the giant anteater exhibits similar carnivorous shape, topography and syntopia (Getty, 1986;Konig and Liebich, 2016). Lopes et al (2015) observed through sonographic images that the wall of this organ in the anteaters is considerably thicker.…”