Ultrastructure of the host-parasite interaction in leaves of Duchesnea indica infected by the rust fungus Frommeëla mexicana var. indicae as revealed by high pressure freezing

Mims, Charles W.; Rodriguez-Lother, C.; Richardson, Elizabeth

doi:10.1139/b00-139

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The whole structure, although reaching far into the host cell, remains surrounded by a modified host plasmalemma, the extrahaustorial membrane [26]. In contrast to intercellular hyphae, which tend to become vacuolated, fungal cytoplasm first accumulates within haustorial mother cells and then migrates into haustoria [29]. This cytological picture suggests that major metabolic activities occur within haustoria, and this is supported by molecular studies.…”

Section: Biotrophic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 87%

Plant infection and the establishment of fungal biotrophy

Mendgen

Hahn

2002

Trends in Plant Science

371

236

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To exploit plants as living substrates, biotrophic fungi have evolved remarkable variations of their tubular cells, the hyphae. They form infection structures such as appressoria, penetration hyphae and infection hyphae to invade the plant with minimal damage to host cells. To establish compatibility with the host, controlled secretory activity and distinct interface layers appear to be essential. Colletotrichum species switch from initial biotrophic to necrotrophic growth and are amenable to mutant analysis and molecular studies. Obligate biotrophic rust fungi can form the most specialized hypha: the haustorium. Gene expression and immunocytological studies with rust fungi support the idea that the haustorium is a transfer apparatus for the long-term absorption of host nutrients.

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Section: Biotrophic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 87%

Plant infection and the establishment of fungal biotrophy

Mendgen

Hahn

2002

Trends in Plant Science

371

236

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“…This type of fixation was needed to retain antigenicity of the samples. Therefore, extensions of the extrahaustorial membrane into the host cell (Mims et al 2001) or vesicles were not clearly visible, and hence, the allocation of gold particles to defined cell structures was not possible. However, without entering the cytoplasm, it would not be possible for a protein to enter the plant nucleus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Protein from Rust Fungi Transferred from Haustoria into Infected Plant Cells

Kemen¹,

Kemen²,

Rafiqi³

et al. 2005

MPMI

260

199

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The formation of haustoria is one of the hallmarks of the interaction of obligate biotrophic fungi with their host plants. In addition to their role in nutrient uptake, it is hypothesized that haustoria are actively involved in establishing and maintaining the biotrophic relationship. We have identified a 24.3-kDa protein that exhibited a very unusual allocation. Rust transferred protein 1 from Uromyces fabae (Uf-RTP1p) was not only detected in the host parasite interface, the extrahaustorial matrix, but also inside infected plant cells by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Uf-RTP1p does not exhibit any similarity to sequences currently listed in the public databases. However, we identified a homolog of Uf-RTP1p in the related rust fungus Uromyces striatus (Us-RTP1p). The localization of Uf-RTP1p and Us-RTP1p inside infected plant cells was confirmed, using four independently raised polyclonal antibodies. Depending on the developmental stage of haustoria, Uf-RTP1p was found in increasing amounts in host cells, including the host nucleus. Putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) were found in the predicted RTP1p sequences. However, functional efficiency could only be verified for the Uf-RTP1p NLS by means of green fluorescent protein fusions in transformed tobacco protoplasts. Western blot analysis indicated that Uf-RTP1p and Us-RTP1p most likely enter the host cell as N-glycosylated proteins. However, the mechanism by which they cross the extrahaustorial membrane and accumulate in the host cytoplasm is unknown. The localization of RTP1p suggests that it might play an important role in the maintenance of the biotrophic interaction.

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“…17, of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in bean leaves), MFS‐like structures are detectable in the interfacial fungal cell–host cytoplasm matrix, some of which appear to extend into the host cell, abutting on a body containing similar structures. In Mims et al . (2001, concerning a plant infection by a rust pathogen), the presence of MFS‐like structures can be seen (Figs 3, 11, 15 and 17, in particular) across fungal and host walls reaching the host cell cytoplasm, and linked to tubular bodies associated with the extrahaustorial matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions of paratracheal cells of resistant and susceptible carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) cultivars to vascular invasion by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi

Ouellette

Baayen²,

Simard

et al. 2002

New Phytologist

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Summary• Here, cell and wall modifications in resistant (cv. I ) and susceptible (cv. II ) carnation inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum are characterized.• Samples, of various days after inoculation (dai), were double-fixed and goldcomplexed probes used for cellulose, pectin, chitin.• In cv. I , mature paratracheal cells contained appositions mostly bound by a cellulose layer over the densely opaque native walls. Middle lamellae of younger cells, many hyperplastic and much distorted, were obliterated, and appositions displayed a mingling of cellulose-labelled and -unlabelled components; adjoining cells contained inner suberin layers. Cell wall modifications in cv. II were limited, but early pathogen invasion was restricted to middle lamellae despite pronounced host cell content alterations. In both cvs, microfilaments linked to often small, thin-walled fungal cells in vessels and in turn to coating on their walls, extended into adjoining cells, seemingly associated in cv. I with cell reactions, and in cv. II excreted as bodies into vacuoles.• The present results highlight that extensive cell reactions and wall modifications, including suberin deposition in hyperplastic tissue, are the main initial factors of defence conducive to final pathogen confinement.

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Ultrastructure of the host-parasite interaction in leaves of Duchesnea indica infected by the rust fungus Frommeëla mexicana var. indicae as revealed by high pressure freezing

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Plant infection and the establishment of fungal biotrophy

Plant infection and the establishment of fungal biotrophy

Identification of a Protein from Rust Fungi Transferred from Haustoria into Infected Plant Cells

Reactions of paratracheal cells of resistant and susceptible carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) cultivars to vascular invasion by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi

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