Ultrastructure of the taste buds in the blind cave fish Astyanax jordani (“Anoptichthys”) and the sighted river fish Astyanax mexicanus (Teleostei, Characidae)

Boudriot, Friederike; Reutter, Klaus

doi:10.1002/cne.1185

Cited by 51 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…2A–D, G; Table 1). We also compared taste buds in embryos of the two forms of Astyanax because it has been reported that cavefish adults exhibit more taste buds than surface fish, particularly in the external surface of the lower jaw (Schemmel, 1967; Bensouilah and Denizot, 1991; Boudriot, and Reutter, 2001). Previous studies showed that Astyanax embryos begin to form calretinin-positive taste buds at 3–4 dpf (Jeffery et al, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taste buds are more numerous in adult cavefish than in surface fish (Schemmel, 1967; Boudriot, and Reutter, 2001 (Schemmel, 1980), and this expanded gustatory sense may be beneficial for cave life. Overexpression of shh has been previously detected in the ventral forebrain and Shh signaling domains in the developing cavefish brain (Menuet et al, 2006) but feeding structures have not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pleiotropic functions of embryonic sonic hedgehog expression link jaw and taste bud amplification with eye loss during cavefish evolution

Yamamoto

Byerly

Jackman

et al. 2009

Developmental Biology

206

205

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This study addresses the role of sonic hedgehog (shh) in increasing oral pharyngeal constructive traits (jaws and taste buds) at the expense of eyes in the blind cavefish Astyanax mexicanus. In cavefish embryos, eye primordia degenerate under the influence of hyperactive Shh signaling. In concert, cavefish show amplified jaw size and taste bud numbers as part of an adaptive change in feeding behavior. To determine whether pleiotropic effects of hyperactive Shh signaling link these regressive and constructive traits, sonic hedgehog (shh) expression was compared during late development of the surface- (surface fish) and cave-dwelling forms of Astyanax. After an initial expansion along the midline of early embryos, shh was elevated in the oral pharyngeal region in cavefish and later was confined to taste buds. The results of shh inhibition and overexpression experiments indicate that Shh signaling has an important role in oral and taste bud development. Heat shock mediated activation of an injected shh transgene at specific times in development showed that taste bud amplification and eye degeneration are sensitive to shh overexpression during the same early developmental period, although taste buds are not formed until much later. Genetic crosses between cavefish and surface fish revealed an inverse relationship between eye size and jaw size/taste bud number, supporing the linkage between oral pharyngeal constructive traits and eye degeneration. The results suggest that hyperactive Shh signaling increases oral and taste bud amplification in cavefish and suggest that selection for constructive oral pharyngeal traits may be responsible for eye loss via pleiotropic function of the Shh signaling pathway.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic functions of embryonic sonic hedgehog expression link jaw and taste bud amplification with eye loss during cavefish evolution

Yamamoto

Byerly

Jackman

et al. 2009

Developmental Biology

206

205

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may at least partly explain the low numbers of TB observed in symbiotic gobies dwelling in live corals, such as P. echinocephalus and Gobiodon spp., where they feed on a narrow and well‐recognized variety of food items found on the coral tissue. Such differences were also observed between some species of flatfishes (Livingston, 1987), between the holosteans Amia calva L. and Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell (Reutter et al ., 2000), and also recently described, although for a different reason, for Astyanax jordani (Hubbs & Innes) and Astyanax mexicanus (De Filippi)(Boudriot & Reutter, 2001), and between species of cardinal fishes (Fishelson et al ., 2004). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taste buds on the lips and mouth of some blenniid and gobiid fishes: comparative distribution and morphology

Fishelson

Delarea

2004

Journal of Fish Biology

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Analysis of taste buds (TB) on the lips and oropharyngeal cavity in several species of gobies (Gobiidae) and blennies (Blenniidae) from the Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Seychelles, revealed three types of these organs: types I and II, which protrude above the surrounding epithelium on lobules of various forms, and type III, which terminate on the level of the epithelium. These TB are composed of either light or dark sensory cells with apical microvillar extensions, and of basal cells situated at the TB base. Synaptic junctions occur between the TB cells and the sub-epithelial sensory nerves. Numerical distribution and morphology of TB on the lips and in the oral cavity of the species studied revealed patterns that are specific on both species and family levels. In most of the gobies the lips, jaws and oral breathing valves are usually covered by numerous lobules, each of which bears papillae with two to seven type I and type II TB, reaching a total of up to 7500 buds on the lips and in the oropharyngeal cavity in these fishes. The number of TB increases with growth (age) of the fish, and the combined and total sensory area of TB in an adult fish can reach up to 80 000 mm 2 . In contrast, in blennies the anterior region of the oral cavity is seldom lobulated, with far fewer TB; the majority of TB are found in the more posterior region. It is postulated that these differences in TB density and location between gobies and blennies are connected to differences in foraging strategies and diet, and may represent ecomorphological adaptations. # 2004 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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“…Based on electron‐density under transmission electron microscopy light and dark gustatory cells are distinguishable in fish TBs. Light and dark gustatory cells, which are supposed to be receptor cells (Reutter, ; Boudriot & Reutter, ), together with elongated supporting cells make up the bulk of the TBs (Figure ). In general, the apical microvillar structures of light and dark cells differ markedly from each other; light cells mostly terminate in one conical large villus, while the dark cells bear several small and sometimes divided microvilli.…”

Section: The Anatomy and Physiology Of The Taste System In Fishesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The taste system in fishes and the effects of environmental variables

Kasumyan

2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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The adaptability of the taste system in fish has led to a large variety in taste bud morphology, abundance and distribution, as well as in taste physiology characteristics in closely related species with different modes of life and feeding ecology. However, the modifications evoked in the sense of taste, or gustation, particularly during ontogeny when fishes are subject to different environmental variables, remain poorly studied. This review paper focusses on current knowledge to show how plastic and resistant the taste system in fishes is to various external factors, linked to other sensory inputs and shifts in physiological state of individuals. Ambient water temperature is fundamental to many aspects of fish biology and taste preferences are stable to many substances, however, the taste‐cell turnover rate strongly depends on water temperature. Taste preferences are stable within water salinity, which gives rise to the possibility that the taste system in anadromous and catadromous fishes will only change minimally after their migration to a new environment. Food‐taste selectivity is linked to fish diet and to individual feeding experience as well as the motivation to feed evoked by attractive (water extracts of food) and repellent (alarm pheromone) odours. In contrast, starvation leads to loss of aversion to many deterrent substances, which explains the consumption by starving fishes of new objects, previously refused or just occasionally consumed. Food hardness can significantly modify the final feeding decision to swallow or to reject a grasped and highly palatable food item. Heavy metals, detergents, aromatic hydrocarbons and other water contaminants have the strongest and quickest negative effects on structure and function of taste system in fish and depress taste perception and ability of fishes to respond adequately to taste stimuli after short exposures. Owing to phenotypic plasticity, the taste system can proliferate and partially restore the ability of fishes to respond to food odour after a complete loss of olfaction. In general, the taste system, especially its functionality, is regarded as stable over the life of a fish despite any alteration in their environment and such resistance is vital for maintaining physiological homeostasis.

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Ultrastructure of the taste buds in the blind cave fish Astyanax jordani (“Anoptichthys”) and the sighted river fish Astyanax mexicanus (Teleostei, Characidae)

Cited by 51 publications

References 45 publications

Pleiotropic functions of embryonic sonic hedgehog expression link jaw and taste bud amplification with eye loss during cavefish evolution

Pleiotropic functions of embryonic sonic hedgehog expression link jaw and taste bud amplification with eye loss during cavefish evolution

Taste buds on the lips and mouth of some blenniid and gobiid fishes: comparative distribution and morphology

The taste system in fishes and the effects of environmental variables

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