Ultraviolet irradiation enhanced bioactivity and biological response of mesenchymal stem cells on micro-arc oxidized titanium surfaces

Abstract

This present study investigated the effect of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on bioactivity of micro-arc oxidized (MAO) titanium surface in vitro by cell culture medium immersion test and interactions with rat-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). UV-irradiated MAO surface exhibited no obvious changes in surface roughness, morphology, and phase composition when compared with MAOonly surface. However, in cell culture medium immersion test, markedly more bone-like apatite was formed on UV-modified samples than on MAO sample. Rat bone marrow-and adipose tissue-derived MSCs cultured on UV-modified samples displayed accelerated attachment, significant higher levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and up-regulated osteogenesis-related mRNA expression than MAO sample. XPS results provided direct evidence that the amount of basic hydroxyl groups increased with UV irradiation time, which could be one of the key mechanisms underlying their improved bioactivity.

Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Titanium Implant Surfaces: Microgroove-Structures Improve Cellular Adhesion and Viability

“…Titanium and its alloys have been the metals of choice as dental implant materials due to their fulfilling the required criteria of having a low density, acquiring high mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, as well as offering acceptable biocompatibility (1)(2)(3)(4). Nevertheless, there is still room for improvement, particularly in terms of surface characteristics.…”

Effects of Enhanced Hydrophilic Titanium Dioxide-Coated Hydroxyapatite on Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Calvarial Defects

“…Zhao and his colleagues [ 11 ] reported in their study that osteoblasts cultured on hydrophilic surfaces express higher levels of differentiation markers, such as alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin and generated an osteogenic microenvironment. Ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization has been widely studied as a means to increase hydrophilicity to further improve the effect of a scaffold on bone formation [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Radiating the titanium surface with UV enhances the physical properties.…”

“…More specifically, UV irradiation of the titanium surface converts Ti 4+ into Ti 3+ , which is beneficial for adsorption and makes the titanium surface bioactive by becoming hydrophilic. Thus, in several studies, UV photofunctionalization has been reported as a method for increasing cell attachment and new bone formation to this more hydrophilic surface [ 12 , 15 , 16 ]. The use of scaffold carriers with increased hydrophilicity is expected to further enhance the initial healing response for regeneration, including angiogenesis and osseointegration.…”

Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on the Increase of Viability and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…MSCs can migrate from the bone marrow or peripheral blood to injured tissue due to metalloproteinases, proteolytic enzymes that allow them to traverse the extracellular matrix [16][17][18][19]. MSC differentiation, proliferation, directional mobility and many other processes can be activated by such factors such as the light-emitting diode (LED) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), electromagnetic fields, and ultraviolet irradiation [20][21][22][23][24].…”