Ultraviolet treatment restores bioactivity of titanium mesh plate degraded by contact with medical gloves

Abstract

Titanium mesh plate (Ti mesh) used for bone augmentation inadvertently comes into contact with medical gloves during trimming and bending. We tested the hypotheses that glove contact degrades the biological capability of Ti mesh and that ultraviolet treatment (UV) can restore this capability. Three groups of Ti mesh specimens were prepared: as-received (AR), after glove contact (GC), and after glove contact followed by UV treatment. The AR and GC meshes were hydrophobic, but GC mesh was more hydrophobic. AR and GC meshes had significant amounts of surface carbon, and Si content was higher for GC mesh than for AR mesh. UV mesh was hydrophilic, and carbon and silicon content values were significantly lower in this group than in the AR and GC groups. The number, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization ability of attached osteoblasts were significantly lower in the GC group than in the AR group and markedly higher in the UV group than in the AR group. In conclusion, glove contact caused chemical contamination of Ti mesh, which significantly reduced its bioactivity. UV treatment restored bioactivity in contaminated Ti mesh, which outperformed even the baseline Ti mesh.

UV-Photofunctionalization of Titanium Promotes Mechanical Anchorage in A Rat Osteoporosis Model

“…UV light treatment has been reported to be an effective tool for cleaning accumulated organic contamination on medical devices. UV-treatment can remove hydrocarbon species from the surface of titanium and enhance bone conductivity [32][33][34][35][36]. Furthermore, photofunctionalization has yielded positive results in clinical studies [37,38].…”

Titanium mesh for bone augmentation in oral implantology: current application and progress

“…This process often accompany with various inconveniences and disadvantages: bending intraoperatively is time-consuming, which dramatically increases the patient's pain and the probability of infection; 78 imprecise shape made by manual bending is hard to completely fit the alveolar ridge, making the outcome of bone augmentation become empirical; careless contact with gloves during the bending process may also lead to the degradation of biological properties on titanium mesh. 79 In addition, the sharp edges on titanium mesh generated by the intraoperative bending are prone to cause mechanical stimulation on the mucosal flap, resulting in mucosal rupture and consequent exposure of the titanium mesh. 41 Therefore, with the development of clinical requirements and digital implantation technology, custom-made titanium mesh has become one of the research trends in GBR with titanium mesh.…”

“…For the pollution caused by glove contact, although photofunctionalization cannot wholly remove the impurity particles on titanium, it can remove carbon and some other impurities, restore the biological activity of titanium mesh, and enhance its surface adhesion to osteoblasts. 79 Due to the simple procedure of photofunctionalization technology to treat titanium surface, and the consistently positive results in clinical studies of photofunctionalized titanium implants, clinical trials of photofunctionalized titanium mesh for bone augmentation are expected carrying out soon.…”

Osteoblast Attachment Compromised by High and Low Temperature of Titanium and Its Restoration by UV Photofunctionalization

“…Recent studies revealed that ultraviolet (UV) light treatment of titanium restored its superhydrophilicity after aging/storage [ 19 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. UV treatment has also been reported to remove surface impurities (e.g., hydrocarbons) [ 32 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], thereby enhancing the biological activity of titanium for osteoblasts and bone [ 15 , 16 , 19 , 20 , 25 , 28 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ].…”

“…Recent studies revealed that ultraviolet (UV) light treatment of titanium restored its superhydrophilicity after aging/storage [19,[31][32][33][34][35][36]. UV treatment has also been reported to remove surface impurities (e.g., hydrocarbons) [32,[37][38][39][40], thereby enhancing the biological activity of titanium for osteoblasts and bone [15,16,19,20,25,28,31,[33][34][35].…”