Umbilical Endometriosis With Urachal Remnant

Mizutani, Takehito; Sakamoto, Yoshiaki; Ochiai, Hiroko; Maeshima, Arafumi

doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2012.1983

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In cases of isolated umbilical endometriosis, the disease might arise from metaplastic changes of urachal remnants [45]. Otherwise, in consideration of the frequency of UE among cases of AWE (21% in our review), it can be hypothesized that endometrial cells may stem from the umbilical cord at birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…One clinical series [20] and two case series [12,21], although eligible, were excluded for low MINORS scores. Eventually, we selected 10 retrospective studies [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] on recorded cases in a defined period, one prospective study [32], and 14 cases series [9,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. The flow diagram of the literature search results is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Umbilical Endometriosis: A Systematic Literature Review and Pathogenic Theory Proposal

Dridi

Chiaffarino

Parazzini

et al. 2022

JCM

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Umbilical endometriosis represents 30–40% of abdominal wall endometriosis and around 0.5–1.0% of all cases of endometriosis. The aim of this systematic review is to revisit the epidemiology, signs, and symptoms and to formulate a pathogenic theory based on literature data. We performed a systematic literature review using the PubMed and Embase databases from 1 January 1950 to 7 February 2021, according to the PRISMA guidelines. The review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021239670). Studies were selected if they reported original data on umbilical endometriosis nodule defined at histopathological examination and described as the presence of endometrial glands and/or stromal cells in the connective tissue. A total of 11 studies (10 retrospective and one prospective), and 14 case series were included in the present review. Overall, 232 umbilical endometriosis cases were reported, with the number per study ranging from 1 to 96. Umbilical endometriosis was observed in 76 (20.9%; 95% CI 17.1–25.4) of the women included in studies reporting information on the total number of cases of abdominal wall endometriosis. Umbilical endometriosis was considered a primary form in 68.4% (158/231, 95% CI 62.1–74.1) of cases. A history of endometriosis and previous abdominal surgery were reported in 37.9% (25/66, 95% CI 27.2–49.9) and 31.0% (72/232, 95% CI 25.4–37.3) of cases, respectively. Pain was described in 83% of the women (137/165, 95% CI 76.6–88.0), followed by catamenial symptoms in 83.5% (142/170, 95% CI, 77.2–88.4) and bleeding in 50.9% (89/175, 95% CI 43.5–58.2). In the 148 women followed for a period ranging from three to 92.5 months, seven (4.7%, 95% CI 2.3–9.4) recurrences were observed. The results of this analysis show that umbilical endometriosis represents about 20% of all the abdominal wall endometriotic lesions and that over two thirds of cases are primary umbilical endometriosis forms. Pain and catamenial symptoms are the most common complaints that suggest the diagnosis. Primary umbilical endometriosis may originate from implantation of regurgitated endometrial cells conveyed by the clockwise peritoneal circulation up to the right hemidiaphragm and funneled toward the umbilicus by the falciform and round liver ligaments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Umbilical Endometriosis: A Systematic Literature Review and Pathogenic Theory Proposal

Dridi

Chiaffarino

Parazzini

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…In fact, coelomic epithelial cells are present in the umbilicus during embryogenesis, but are reabsorbed along with the physiological omphalocele during the first trimester of pregnancy; the presence of umbilical hernia after birth can also cause persistence of these multipotent cells. The proangiogenic activity of umbilical endometriosis supports the metaplastic origin of the lesion (1, 4, 11–18).…”

Section: Etiopathogenesismentioning

confidence: 61%

Primary Endometriosis of Umbilical Scar: Case Report and Review of Literature

Vignali

Ciocca

Alabiso

et al. 2014

Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders

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We report a case of umbilical endometriosis and review the literature about the finding. The patient was a 39-year-old woman who presented with 6 months of umbilical bleeding and pain during the first day of her period. A soft tissue ultrasound scan showed 2 superficial solid masses within the periumbilical subcutaneous adipose tissue, suggestive for ectopic endometriosis localization. We decided to remove the umbilical nodules, excising 1 cm of the surrounding tissue. Reports in the literature indicate cases of umbilical endometriosis in about 0.5%-1% of women with endometriosis.

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“…2 Still others suggest cellular proliferation of endometrial cells from initial extra peritoneal disease along the urachus. As described by Mizutani et al who found urachus attached to base of umbilical endometriotic nodule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various other theories of pathogenesis include hormonal theory, oxidative stress and inflammation theory, immune dysfunction, apoptosis suppression, genetic and stem cells theory. [2][3][4] As for clinical presentation, there is a discrete bluishpurple mass in the umbilicus of varying size, becoming swollen, painful and bleeding during menstruation. Some patients can have continuous pain instead of cyclical pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%