“…Various studies have distinguished between external and internal CSR domains (Ailawadi, Neslin, Luan, & Taylor, 2014;Godfrey, Merrill, & Hansen, 2009;Habel, Schons, Alavi, & Wieseke, 2016;Hao, Farooq, & Zhang, 2018). For example, Godfrey, Merrill, and Hansen (2009) distinguish between institutional CSR activities, which refer to CSR practices aimed at a company's secondary stakeholders or society at large, and technical CSR activities, which refer to CSR practices aimed at primary stakeholders.…”