“…Various comparative studies have analysed climate models and concluded that a single best climate model does not exist (Dai, 2006; Stocker et al ., 2013; Jacob et al ., 2014; Rajczak and Schär, 2017; Vanden Broucke et al ., 2018). For a specific location, variable and season, the skill of different climate models and the climate change signals deviate among the models due to differences in spatial resolution (Anstey et al ., 2013; Watterson et al ., 2014; Mendoza et al ., 2016; Davini et al ., 2017; Hartung et al ., 2017), initial climatic conditions representing the internal variability of the climate system (Deser et al ., 2012; Fadhel et al ., 2017; Hosseinzadehtalaei et al ., 2017), parametrization schemes (Arakawa, 2004; Rybka and Tost, 2014; Prein et al ., 2015) and model components (Pitman, 2003; Lorenz et al ., 2012; Alexander and Easterbrook, 2015). Besides climate model differences, similarities arise from shared coding, the process of continuous model improvements and the fact that they all represent the same climate system (Masson and Knutti, 2011; Pennell and Reichler, 2011; Knutti et al ., 2013; Sunyer et al ., 2013; Leduc et al ., 2016).…”