Unconverted chars obtained during biomass gasification on a pilot-scale gasifier as a source of activated carbon production

Garcı́a-Garcı́a, Avelina; Gregório, A.; Franco, Caroline; Pinto, Filomena; Boavida, D.; Gulyurtlu, I.

doi:10.1016/s0960-8524(02)00266-3

Cited by 31 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Compared to FHC-600, the graphitic structure was significantly increased in FHC-800, confirming that high temperature is vital for Fe catalytic transformation from amorphous carbon to graphitic carbon. The well-distributed NZVI within the highly graphitic structure of PC suggests the high reactivity of the ZVI …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homogeneously Dispersed Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles Supported on Hydrochar-Derived Porous Carbon: Simple, in Situ Synthesis and Use for Dechlorination of PCBs

Liu

Zhang

Hoekman

et al. 2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Herein, we have developed a simple and effective strategy for in situ preparation of nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) supported on porous carbon (PC) using renewable hydrochar as the carbon precursor. Physicochemical properties of the resultant NZVI/PC composites were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDS, TEM, and BET, and the effectiveness of these composites was evaluated for the remediation of PCBcontaminated water. Results showed that the iron ions were uniformly dispersed within the hydrochar matrix and serve as an activation agent for the hydrochar during a subsequent pyrolysis process. The iron is reduced in situ to NZVI with diameters of 8.5−10 nm, without requiring an additional reducing agent. At temperatures of 600−800°C, the well-dispersed NZVI catalyzes the transformation from amorphous carbon to graphitic carbon. The NZVI/PC composite prepared at 800°C exhibited high efficiency for adsorption and dechlorination of PCBs in aqueous solution. This is attributed to the composites' high surface area, uniformly dispersed nanoscale iron, high degrees of graphitic porous carbon, and substantial amount of mesopores. The present study offers a simple and sustainable approach for the preparation of prospective NZVI/PC with high stability and reactivity from renewable resources.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The well-distributed NZVI within the highly graphitic structure of PC suggests the high reactivity of the ZVI. 30 Figure 5 shows the TPD curves for the four main gas products evolved during the thermal treatment of hydrochar and Fe-hydrochar. The majority of the gas product was H 2 and CO for both hydrochar and Fe-hydrochar.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneously Dispersed Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles Supported on Hydrochar-Derived Porous Carbon: Simple, in Situ Synthesis and Use for Dechlorination of PCBs

Liu

Zhang

Hoekman

et al. 2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Considerable amount of work using fluidized bed reactor (FBR) for the preparation of activated carbon by steam/CO 2 /N 2 from various sources has been carried out. Fossil materials like miike coal [2], Spanish HV bituminous coal char [3][4][5], semi anthracite char [6], coal and pitch coke [7], the shell-based agricultural wastes like coconut shell [8,9], palm shell [10,11], almond shell [12] and agricultural waste materials like olive seed waste residue [13,14], pine waste [15], pine wood [16] and wood char [17] have been used as a raw material. Steam activation at higher temperatures gave better activation and enhanced widening of the narrow micro-pore network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of steam activated carbon from rubberwood sawdust (Hevea brasiliensis) and its adsorption kinetics

Kumar

Shivakamy

Miranda

et al. 2006

Journal of Hazardous Materials

116

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“…Among the mentioned wastes formed during gasification, char may find applications as fuel [81], domestic charcoal, activated carbon [82], in agriculture [83], [84], for further thermochemical processing of waste [85], [86]. Contaminations with trace elements may significantly reduce its application possibilities [87], [88] therefore studying possible sustainable use is of high importance [89].…”

Section: Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Scale Gasification Application and Perspectives in Circular Economy

Kļaviņš

Bisters

Burlakovs

2018

Environmental and Climate Technologies

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Gasification is the process converting solid fuels as coal and organic plant matter, or biomass into combustible gas, called syngas. Gasification is a thermal conversion process using carbonaceous fuel, and it differs substantially from other thermal processes such as incineration or pyrolysis. The process can be used with virtually any carbonaceous fuel. It is an endothermic thermal conversion process, with partial oxidation being the dominant feature. Gasification converts various feedstock including waste to a syngas. Instead of producing only heat and electricity, synthesis gas produced by gasification may be transformed into commercial products with higher value as transport fuels, fertilizers, chemicals and even to substitute natural gas. Thermo-chemical conversion of biomass and solid municipal waste is developing as a tool to promote the idea of energy system without fossil fuels to a reality. In municipal solid waste management, gasification does not compete with recycling, moreover it enhances recycling programs. Pre-processing and after-processing must increase the amount of recyclables in the circular economy. Additionally, end of life plastics can serve as an energy feedstock for gasification as otherwise it cannot be sorted out and recycled. There is great potential for application of gasification technology within the biomass waste and solid waste management sector. Industrial self-consumption in the mode of combined heat and power can contribute to sustainable economic development within a circular economy.

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Unconverted chars obtained during biomass gasification on a pilot-scale gasifier as a source of activated carbon production

Cited by 31 publications

References 4 publications

Homogeneously Dispersed Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles Supported on Hydrochar-Derived Porous Carbon: Simple, in Situ Synthesis and Use for Dechlorination of PCBs

Homogeneously Dispersed Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles Supported on Hydrochar-Derived Porous Carbon: Simple, in Situ Synthesis and Use for Dechlorination of PCBs

Preparation of steam activated carbon from rubberwood sawdust (Hevea brasiliensis) and its adsorption kinetics

Small Scale Gasification Application and Perspectives in Circular Economy

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