“…In order to overcome these challenges, many effective strategies have been proposed, including modifying the surface and interface, 14,15 architecture engineering, 16,17 improving electronic conductivity, 18,19 etc. Among them, surface and interface engineering has been widely accepted as a promising route to modulate the surface and interface properties of catalysts, which not only boosts the exposure of surface active sites, but also facilitates the charge transfer via heterointerfaces during electrochemical reactions.…”