Under temperate climate, the conversion of grassland to arable land affects soil nutrient stocks and bacteria in a short term

Obermeier, Michael M.; Gnädinger, Friederike; Raj, Abilash Chakravarthy Durai; Obermeier, Wolfgang A.; Schmid, Christoph; Balàzs, Helga E.; Schröder, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135494

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The sampler consists of a frame (4) supported on racks (5). A platform ( 3) is mounted on the frame.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agrochemical examination includes: determination of acidity, mobile phosphorus, metabolic potassium, organic matter, hydrolytic acidity, calcium, magnesium, degree of saturation with bases, as well as trace elements, heavy metals and radionuclides [5,6]. An agrochemical survey is not possible without sampling the soil, so we reviewed existing tools for sampling.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working Tool for Robotic Soil Sampling System

Leonov¹,

Sankina²

2020

Modern Trends in Agricultural Production in the World Economy

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The rationale for the use of robotic complexes of soil sampling for agrochemical analysis and development of the design of the working tool for such a complex is given in this article. The importance of soil agrochemical analysis use to preserve the fertility during agricultural production is proven. The existing complexes for soil sampling are considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted in the article. The rationale for the use of robotic soil sampling systems has been made. Various technical means for transporting an automatic sampler to a sampling site are considered. Recommendations for choosing a carrier platform are given. The scheme, design and working principle of the working tool for the robotic complex for sampling the soil and the buried unit are presented. Recommendations on the use of autonomous driving programs for robotic systems are given. It is possible to conclude that the developed working tool for the robotic complex of soil sampling, mounted on a robotic platform using autonomous control systems, will make it possible to collect soil samples in an automatic mode. This will significantly reduce the time and energy consumption for performing agrochemical control, as well as increase level of automation.

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“…The sampler consists of a frame (4) supported on racks (5). A platform ( 3) is mounted on the frame.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working Tool for Robotic Soil Sampling System

Leonov¹,

Sankina²

2020

Modern Trends in Agricultural Production in the World Economy

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“…Soil for the greenhouse experiment was collected at Martlhof, in Ostin am Tegernsee (Bavaria, Germany) from the topsoil (0-20 cm) of a former study site for sustainable field management. A previous study (Obermeier et al 2020) had focused on crop rotation, following the conversion of neglected grassland, using broad bean (Vicia faba L.) and fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Average soil pH at the site ranged from 5.2-5.6 and its texture had been classified as clayey loam (28.2% sand, 43.1% silt and 28.8% clay).…”

Section: Soil and Organic Amendment Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirteen combinations of organic amendments alone and in combination with mineral fertilizer were tested (Table S1). ) and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) were analyzed photometrically following published methods (Obermeier et al 2020) by continuous flow measurements using an autoanalyzer CFA-SAN Plus 5100 (Skalar Analytic, Erkelenz, Germany). DOC and DON were quantified using a DIMATOC®2000 (DIMATEC, Langenhagen, Germany).…”

Section: Fertilization Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of soil-rhizosphere microbiota after organic amendment application in a Hordeum vulgare L. short-term greenhouse experiment

et al. 2020

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Aims In order to counteract the enduring decreases in the quality of agricultural land, mechanistic studies for a more sustainable agricultural crop production were performed. They aimed to assess the effects of organic amendments in combination with mineral fertilizer on soil-rhizosphere microbiota and their influence on soil health and plant performance. Methods In a short-term greenhouse experiment, the effects of pelletized spent mushroom substrate, with different combinations of biochar and mineral fertilizer, on agricultural soil and performance of Hordeum vulgare L were scrutinized. To evaluate improved soil quality, different soil biological and chemical properties, microbial activity, bacterial diversity and plant performance were assessed. Results Plant performance increased across all fertilizer combinations. Bacterial β-diversity changed from the initial to the final sampling, pointing at a strong influence of plant development on the rhizosphere with increasing abundances of Acidobacteria and decreasing abundances of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes. Microbial activity (FDA), potential enzyme activity and metabolic diversity of the microbial community (BIOLOG) were not affected by the amendments, whereas bacterial community structure changed on family level, indicating functional redundancy. Treatments containing biochar and the highest amount of mineral fertilizer (B_MF140) caused the strongest changes, which were most pronounced for the families Xanthobacteraceae, Mycobacteriaceae, and Haliangiaceae. Conclusion Applying organic amendments improved plant performance and maintained soil health, contributing to more sustainable crop production. Nevertheless, long-term field studies are recommended to verify the findings of this short-term experiment.

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“…When for economic or other reasons cup plant and field grass are no longer used for the feeding of biogas plants, the former PECs must be removed and the land reintegrated into the farm's crop rotation. The conversion of grassland to arable land has been studied under various aspects such as soil mineral N dynamics (Buchen et al, 2017), N leaching losses (Seidel et al, 2009; Strebel et al, 1988), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission (Davies et al, 2020; Mielenz et al, 2017) and bacterial community structure (Obermeier et al, 2020). It should be considered that the particular features of permanent grassland such as high carbon and nitrogen stocks as well as beneficial ecological functions (Nitsch et al, 2012) are less marked in field grass due to its shorter longevity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Converting perennial energy crops cup plant and field grass to arable cropping affects weed infestation, soil nitrogen mineralization and subsequent silage maize yield

2021

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Perennial energy crop (PEC) fields need to be reintegrated into the farm's crop rotation when yield performance declines after years of use or when the farm operation requires it. In this study, 8‐year‐old stands of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) and lucerne grass followed by field grass were converted to arable cropping, while continuous silage maize (Zea mays L.) grown over the same period served as a control. The study aimed to assess changes in the weed flora, control of cup plant regrowth, pre‐crop value of PECs for subsequently grown maize and N release through mineralization of crop litter and soil organic matter in the first year after converting the PECs. The previously practiced cropping systems resulted in widely divergent maize weed populations. About 90% of the cup plant volunteers were successfully eliminated by two treatments of herbicides containing clopyralid. Maize following cup plant exhibited a faster soil cover, earlier male and female flowering, taller plants and a 10.6% and 13.6% higher aboveground biomass yield than former field grass and maize respectively. The N release by mineralization of 222 and 238 kg N ha−1 following cup plant and field grass conversion, respectively, clearly exceeded the 129 kg N ha−1 observed in the maize control. The residual mineral nitrogen in the 90 cm soil profile after the maize harvest was also significantly higher in the former field grass and cup plant plots than in the maize control. The excess N in the first year after reverting to annual cropping runs the risk of N leaching. Given that N fertilization is substantially reduced after cup plant and field grass conversion, maize appears to be a well‐suited follow‐up crop due to its good suppression of cup plant volunteers and high N uptake capacity which helps minimize nutrient losses to the environment.

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Under temperate climate, the conversion of grassland to arable land affects soil nutrient stocks and bacteria in a short term

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Working Tool for Robotic Soil Sampling System

Working Tool for Robotic Soil Sampling System

Changes of soil-rhizosphere microbiota after organic amendment application in a Hordeum vulgare L. short-term greenhouse experiment

Converting perennial energy crops cup plant and field grass to arable cropping affects weed infestation, soil nitrogen mineralization and subsequent silage maize yield

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