Underdeveloped embryos and kinds of dormancy in seeds of two gymnosperms: <i>Podocarpus costalis</i> and <i>Nageia nagi</i> (Podocarpaceae)

Chen, Shun‐Ying; Baskin, Carol C.; Baskin, Jerry M.; Chien, Ching‐Te

doi:10.1017/s0960258512000268

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Therefore, we have confirmed that seeds of these two species have non-deep simple MPD. These results are similar to those reported by Walck et al (1999) on seeds of Thalictrum mirabile, by Hidayati et al (2000) on seeds of Lonicera morrowii, and by Chen et al (2013) on seeds of Nageia nagi.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Underdeveloped Embryos and Dormancy Type in Seeds of Two Heloniopsis Species Endemic to Korea

Lee¹,

Rhie²,

Kim³

2014

HST

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Heloniopsis koreana and Heloniopsis tubiflora (Melanthiaceae) are endemic herbaceous species of the Korean Peninsula. The Melanthiaceae family has been described as having seeds with small, underdeveloped embryos at the time of dispersal, and morphological (MD) or morphophysiological dormancy (MPD). However, there are few reports on embryo growth, morphology, and seed germination in Heloniopsis species. The aims of this study were to investigate embryo growth and seed dormancy, and to determine the type of dormancy exhibited by these species. The effects of incubation temperatures, light conditions, and gibberellic acid (GA3) on dormancy break and seed germination were tested. Freshly matured seeds of the two species had small embryos that occupied about 9-11% of the length of the endosperm, and which increased by more than 300% in length before radicle emergence, indicating that the embryos are underdeveloped at the time of dispersal. Embryos in the seeds grew under warm temperature regimes (between 25/15°C and 30/20°C). GA3 application (tested only in the light) overcame seed dormancy and promoted germination. Approximately 30% of the seeds of H. koreana and approximately 40% of the seeds of H. tubiflora germinated in suitable environmental conditions (light and temperature) within 4 weeks. Therefore, 30-40% of the seeds of the two species exhibited MD, and the rest of the seeds had non-deep simple MPD. Light was found to be one of the critical factors for germination because no seed of either of the two Heloniopsis species germinated under constant dark conditions, and thus, these species have the potential to form a persistent soil seed bank. Understanding these germination requirements will help in development of effective strategies to increase the establishment of seedlings in their native habitat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Underdeveloped Embryos and Dormancy Type in Seeds of Two Heloniopsis Species Endemic to Korea

Lee¹,

Rhie²,

Kim³

2014

HST

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“…The mean germination time (MGT) for both cytotypes varied across the cultivars and induced lines and was clearly not accurate in explaining the role of ploidy in seed germination. Although some researchers have used the MGT to evaluate the seed vigour of many plants (Matthews et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2013), other studies found the MGT to be inaccurate arguing that seeds can have different final germination percentage and have the same MGT because seeds can germinate across a different spread (Kader, 2005). The MGT expressed better the day, in which most of the seeds germinated in a seed lot or accurately defined the mean lag period between the start of imbibition and germination for each seed (Matthews, Khajeh-Hosseini, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atsako į druskingumo stresą skirtumai Lolium multiflorum diploidinių bei tetraploidinių augalų dygimo ir vegetatyvinio augimo tarpsniais

Akinroluyo

Urbanavičiūtė

Jaškūnė

et al. 2019

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Soil salinity is a global challenge emanating from climatic changes, depletion of fresh water reserves and extensive irrigation practices among other factors. Soil salinization still remains a huge concern in the realization of sustainable agricultural production. While emphasis has been placed on the food crops, forage production, which is an important component of the food chain, is affected as well. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological and physiological response to salinity stress in diploid cultivars and auto-induced tetraploid lines of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum spp. multiflorum). Diploid seeds and their induced tetraploid counterparts were germinated on filter paper moistened with different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions, and seedlings were treated with 500 mM NaCl for 10 days in controlled conditions. The effect of different salt concentrations on germination and seedlings was studied. Results showed that seeds from the induced tetraploid lines despite being bigger had higher germination index and lower median germination time (T50) values compared to the diploid progenitors. At the seedling stage, increase in the ploidy level had a role in conferring improved tolerance to salinity stress. The induced tetraploid lines had an advantage over their diploid counterparts as the induced tetraploid lines had significant reduction in their growth in response to salinity stress, higher relative water content and antioxidant activities.

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“…It had been reported that the B. napus variety with the high dormancy would lead to a long-term volunteer emergence in comparison with the low dormancy variety, but the annual seedling emergence was lower in the high dormancy variety (Huang et al ., 2016b). It is well known that seed dormancy can increase time to germination by increasing the time needed to break dormancy prior to germination (Roberts and Smith, 1977; Benech-Arnold et al ., 1990; Vleeshouwers, 1998; Chen et al ., 2013). The current study showed that the time to 50% of seedling emergence was 5.3 and 15.4 days longer in the MSD and the HSD seeds, respectively, after induction of secondary dormancy (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water stress, temperature regimes and light control induction, and loss of secondary dormancy in Brassica napus L. seeds

et al. 2017

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This study investigated the induction and loss of dormancy in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Twenty genotypes were preliminary screened; from these, two genotypes, RGS003 and Hayola 308, which possess high potential for dormancy induction (HSD) and medium potential to induce secondary dormancy (MSD), were selected. The stratification of seeds at alternating temperatures of 5–30°C (in dark) significantly relieved secondary dormancy, but dormancy was not fully released. The ψb(50) values were −1.05 and −1.06 MPa for the MSD and the HSD before dormancy induction. After inducing dormancy, the ψb(50) values for the MSD and the HSD were increased to −0.59 and −0.01 on day 0 stratification at 20°C. The hydrothermal time (θHT) value was low for one-day stratification for HSD in comparison with other stratification treatments. Water stress can induce dormancy (if the seeds have the genetic potential for secondary dormancy) and warm stratification (in dark) can only reduce the intensity of dormancy. The seeds with a high potential of dormancy induction can overcome dormancy at alternating temperatures and in the presence of light. It can, therefore, be concluded that a portion of seeds can enter the cycle of dormancy ↔ non-dormancy. The secondary dormant seeds of B. napus cannot become non-dormant in darkness, but the level of dormancy may change from maximum (after water stress) to minimum (after warm stratification). It seems that the dormancy imposed by the conditions of deep burial (darkness in combination with water stress and more constant temperatures) might be more important to seed persistence than secondary dormancy induction and release. The dormancy cycle is an important pre-requisite in order to sense the depth of burial and the best time for seed germination.

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Underdeveloped embryos and kinds of dormancy in seeds of two gymnosperms: Podocarpus costalis and Nageia nagi (Podocarpaceae)

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Underdeveloped Embryos and Dormancy Type in Seeds of Two Heloniopsis Species Endemic to Korea

Underdeveloped Embryos and Dormancy Type in Seeds of Two Heloniopsis Species Endemic to Korea

Atsako į druskingumo stresą skirtumai Lolium multiflorum diploidinių bei tetraploidinių augalų dygimo ir vegetatyvinio augimo tarpsniais

Water stress, temperature regimes and light control induction, and loss of secondary dormancy in Brassica napus L. seeds

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