Underimmunization of American Indian and Alaska Native Children

Groom, Amy V.; Washington, Michael L.; Smith, Philip J.; Bryan, Ralph T.

doi:10.1542/peds.2007-1794

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, African Americans were less likely than whites to get the seasonal flu vaccine. Our data do not identify disparities in 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccination rates between African Americans and whites as does another study, and it may be considered a success that racial/ethnic groups, such as American Indian/Alaska Native populations, received vaccines at a statistically equivalent rate to whites . However, the contrast between getting vaccinated and adopting other behaviors is nonetheless striking.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…The factors that motivate people in racial/ethnic minorities to adopt other preventive behaviors at rates greater than whites are not sufficient to overcome barriers to vaccination and may differ from those that motivate vaccination. Further, the overall vaccination rates are not high in any group, suggesting that barriers are prevalent across all racial/ethnic groups, even if the barriers are different . Public health officials should try to address underlying differences in motivation and barriers across racial/ethnic populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our data do not identify disparities in 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccination rates between African Americans and whites as does another study, and it may be considered a success that racial/ethnic groups, such as American Indian/Alaska Native populations, received vaccines at a statistically equivalent rate to whites. [30][31][32] However, the contrast between getting vaccinated and adopting other behaviors is nonetheless striking. The factors that motivate people in racial/ethnic minorities to adopt other preventive behaviors at rates greater than whites are not sufficient to overcome barriers to vaccination and may differ from those that motivate vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Adoption of preventive behaviors in response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: a multiethnic perspective

SteelFisher

Blendon

Kang

et al. 2015

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundAs public health leaders prepare for possible future influenza pandemics, the rapid spread of 2009 H1N1 influenza highlights the need to focus on measures the public can adopt to help slow disease transmission. Such measures may relate to hygiene (e.g., hand washing), social distancing (e.g., avoiding places where many people gather), and pharmaceutical interventions (e.g., vaccination). Given the disproportionate impact of public health emergencies on minority communities in the United States, it is important to understand whether there are differences in acceptance across racial/ethnic groups that could lead to targeted and more effective policies and communications.ObjectivesThis study explores racial/ethnic differences in the adoption of preventive behaviors during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic.Patients/MethodsData are from a national telephone poll conducted March 17 to April 11, 2010, among a representative sample of 1123 white, 330 African American, 317 Hispanic, 268 Asian, and 262 American Indian/Alaska Native adults in the USA.ResultsPeople in at least one racial/ethnic minority group were more likely than whites to adopt several behaviors related to hygiene, social distancing, and healthcare access, including increased hand washing and talking with a healthcare provider (P-values <0·05). Exceptions included avoiding others with influenza-like illnesses and receiving 2009 H1N1 and seasonal influenza vaccinations. After we controlled the data for socioeconomic status, demographic factors, healthcare access, and illness- and vaccine-related attitudes, nearly all racial/ethnic differences in behaviors persisted.ConclusionsMinority groups appear to be receptive to several preventive behaviors, but barriers to vaccination are more pervasive.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adoption of preventive behaviors in response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: a multiethnic perspective

SteelFisher

Blendon

Kang

et al. 2015

Influenza Resp Viruses

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“…In 2002 to 2004, Murphy et al estimated that hospitalizations among Native American and Alaskan infants far exceeded those found among the general U.S. infant population (101 per 100,000 versus 68 per 100,000). A number of important factors may explain the higher pertussis burden found in Native Americans, including lower immunization rates than in other populations, the absence of a medical home, and suboptimal living (e.g., household crowding) and socioeconomic conditions that favor pertussis transmission (212)(213)(214).…”

Section: Burden Of Pertussis In Infants and Toddlersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis: Microbiology, Disease, Treatment, and Prevention

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYPertussis is a severe respiratory infection caused byBordetella pertussis, and in 2008, pertussis was associated with an estimated 16 million cases and 195,000 deaths globally. Sizeable outbreaks of pertussis have been reported over the past 5 years, and disease reemergence has been the focus of international attention to develop a deeper understanding of pathogen virulence and genetic evolution ofB. pertussisstrains. During the past 20 years, the scientific community has recognized pertussis among adults as well as infants and children. Increased recognition that older children and adolescents are at risk for disease and may transmitB. pertussisto younger siblings has underscored the need to better understand the role of innate, humoral, and cell-mediated immunity, including the role of waning immunity. Although recognition of adult pertussis has increased in tandem with a better understanding ofB. pertussispathogenesis, pertussis in neonates and adults can manifest with atypical clinical presentations. Such disease patterns make pertussis recognition difficult and lead to delays in treatment. Ongoing research using newer tools for molecular analysis holds promise for improved understanding of pertussis epidemiology, bacterial pathogenesis, bioinformatics, and immunology. Together, these advances provide a foundation for the development of new-generation diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines.

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“…This does not mean that little is known about child health disparities, as shown by the annual editions of the Annie E. Casey Foundation's Kids Count Data Book, 6 which review racial and ethnic disparities in child deaths, teen births, infant mortality, and low birth weight, among many other indicators. Furthermore, disparities by race and ethnicity are well documented for childhood asthma, 7 obesity, 8,9 immunizations, 10,11 and health insurance coverage. 12 Health insurance disparities are particularly severe in Latino children.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Engagement and its Impact on Child Health Disparities: Building Blocks, Examples, and Resources

Ochoa

Nash

2009

Pediatrics

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National attention to racial and ethnic health disparities has increased over the last decades, but marked improvements in minority health, especially among children, have been slow to emerge. A life-course perspective with sustained community engagement takes into account root causes of poor health in minority and low-income communities. This perspective involves a variety of primary care, public health, and academic stakeholders. A life-course perspective holds great promise for having a positive impact on health inequities. In this article we provide background information on available tools and resources for engaging with communities. We also offer examples of communityprimary care provider interventions that have had a positive impact on racial and ethnic health disparities. Common elements of these projects are described; additional local and national resources are listed; and future research needs, specifically in communities around issues that are relevant to children, are articulated. Examples throughout the history of pediatrics show the potential to eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities not only for children but also for all populations across the life course. Few topics in health, from individual health care to population health and from social determinants of health 1 to health policy, demand a more comprehensive examination than racial and ethnic health disparities. Health disparities are significant differences in health, health care, and developmental outcomes between populations, to modify a definition from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). National awareness of health disparities has progressed over the last 25 years from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2 (CDC) and the US Department of Health and Human Services 3 reports in the mid1980s to the Institute of Medicine report in 2003,4 but the pace of progress in eliminating these disparities has been slow. 5 In addition, the health-disparities literature tends to focus on mortality, morbidity, and health care interventions related to chronic diseases in adults. This does not mean that little is known about child health disparities, as shown by the annual editions of the Annie E. Casey Foundation's Kids Count Data Book, 6 which review racial and ethnic disparities in child deaths, teen births, infant mortality, and low birth weight, among many other indicators. Furthermore, disparities by race and ethnicity are well documented for childhood asthma, 7 obesity, 8,9 immunizations, 10,11 and health insurance coverage. 12 Health insurance disparities are particularly severe in Latino children. 13 The concept of partnering with communities to improve health is not a new one, especially in the public health world, but it has recently gained momentum in more traditional medical settings as physicians come to realize that all nonbiomedical influences on individual health are not easily addressed in a clinic or hospital room. 14,15 Recent reviews of the literature ...

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Underimmunization of American Indian and Alaska Native Children

Abstract: Disparities in immunization coverage for American Indian/Alaska Native children have been present, but unrecognized, since 2001. The absence of a disparity in coverage in 2005 is encouraging but is tempered by the fact that coverage for non-Hispanic white children decreased in that year.

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Adoption of preventive behaviors in response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: a multiethnic perspective

Adoption of preventive behaviors in response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: a multiethnic perspective

Pertussis: Microbiology, Disease, Treatment, and Prevention

Community Engagement and its Impact on Child Health Disparities: Building Blocks, Examples, and Resources

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