Understanding Alternatives to Tobacco Production in Kenya: A Qualitative Analysis at the Sub-National Level

Abstract

Tobacco is a key cash crop for many farmers in Kenya, although there is a variety of challenges associated with tobacco production. This study seeks to understand alternatives to tobacco production from the perspective of government officials, extension officers, and farmers at the sub-national level (Migori, Busia, and Meru) in Kenya. The study analyzes data from qualitative key-informant interviews with government officials and extension officers (n = 9) and focus group discussions (FGDs) with farmers (n = 5). Data were coded according to pre-identified categories derived from the research aim, namely, opportunities and challenges of tobacco farming and alternative crops, as well findings that illustrate the policy environment that shapes the agricultural context in these regions. We highlight important factors associated with the production of non-tobacco agricultural commodities, including the factors that shape the ability of these non-agricultural commodities to serve as viable alternatives to tobacco. The results highlight the effect that several factors, including access to capital, markets, and governmental assistance, have on farmer decisions. The results additionally display the structured policy approaches that are being promoted in governmental offices towards agricultural production, as well as the institutional shortcomings that inhibit their implementation at the sub-national level.

Tobacco policy (in)coherence in Mozambique: an examination of national and subnational stakeholder perspectives

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In-and-Out of Tobacco Farming: Shifting Behavior of Tobacco Farmers in Indonesia

“…What will also be important to consider is the access to markets for agricultural commodities, and contractual relationships with companies for other crops. Generally, the situation of smallholder farming is difficult due to the starting point of minimal or no capital and the lack of power in relation to the companies that control the supply chain [ 5 , 6 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. It will take broader attention to the system of agricultural production for opportunities to be generated and become attractive for tobacco farmers, so that they permanently shift to another commodity or economic activity.…”

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