Understanding Human Coronavirus HCoV-NL63~!2009-11-13~!2010-04-09~!2010-05-25~!

Abdul-Rasool, Sahar; Fielding, Burtram C.

doi:10.2174/1874357901004010076

Cited by 150 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Although the origins of PEDV remain obscure and early sequence studies had suggested similarity to human coronavirus NL63, more-recent studies argue that PEDV is more closely related to several bat alphacoronaviruses identified in the United States, South America, and Eurasia ( 8 , 9 ). PEDV first emerged in Europe in the 1970s and spread across Europe and into Asia ( 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Pathogenic Full-Length cDNA Clone and Transmission Model for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain PC22A

Beall

Yount

Lin

et al. 2016

mBio

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly pathogenic alphacoronavirus. In the United States, highly virulent PEDV strains cause between 80 and 100% mortality in suckling piglets and are rapidly transmitted between animals and farms. To study the genetic factors that regulate pathogenesis and transmission, we developed a molecular clone of PEDV strain PC22A. The infectious-clone-derived PEDV (icPEDV) replicated as efficiently as the parental virus in cell culture and in pigs, resulting in lethal disease in vivo. Importantly, recombinant PEDV was rapidly transmitted to uninoculated pigs via indirect contact, demonstrating virulence and efficient transmission while replicating phenotypes seen in the wild-type virus. Using reverse genetics, we removed open reading frame 3 (ORF3) and replaced this region with a red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene to generate icPEDV-ΔORF3-RFP. icPEDV-ΔORF3-RFP replicated efficiently in vitro and in vivo, was efficiently transmitted among pigs, and produced lethal disease outcomes. However, the diarrheic scores in icPEDV-ΔORF3-RFP-infected pigs were lower than those in wild-type-virus- or icPEDV-infected pigs, and the virus formed smaller plaques than those of PC22A. Together, these data describe the development of a robust reverse-genetics platform for identifying genetic factors that regulate pathogenic outcomes and transmission efficiency in vivo, providing key infrastructural developments for developing and evaluating the efficacy of live attenuated vaccines and therapeutics in a clinical setting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Pathogenic Full-Length cDNA Clone and Transmission Model for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain PC22A

Beall

Yount

Lin

et al. 2016

mBio

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“…HCoV are positive-stranded RNA viruses from the Coronaviridae family, causing common colds; in children, they have also been associated with bronchiolitis and croup [19]. There are five HCoV identified as HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-SARS.…”

Section: Human Coronaviruses (Hcov)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are five HCoV identified as HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-SARS. The latter virus was responsible of an epidemic of severe respiratory disease syndrome in some countries in Asia (China, Hong Kong SAR, Taiwan, Singapore, Vietnam) and Canada in 2003, with approximately 10% mortality and high attack rate in healthcare workers and family members; it was detected in humans for the last time in 2004 [19,20]. More recently, one coronavirus was able to cause severe respiratory disease in humans in the middle east.…”

Section: Human Coronaviruses (Hcov)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission and Control of Respiratory Viral Infections in the Healthcare Setting

Bonvehí

Temporiti

2018

Curr Treat Options Infect Dis

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Purpose of the review Viral respiratory infections have been recognized as a cause of severe illness in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised hosts. This acknowledgement is a consequence of improvement in diagnosis and better understanding of transmission. Available vaccines and antiviral drugs for prophylaxis and treatment have been developed accordingly. Viral respiratory pathogens are increasingly recognized as nosocomial pathogens as well. The purpose of this review is to describe the most frequent and relevant nosocomial viral respiratory infections, their mechanisms of transmission and the infection control measures to prevent their spread in the healthcare setting. Recent findings Although most mechanisms of transmission and control measures of nosocomial viral infections are already known, improved diagnostic tools allow better characterization of these infections and also lead to the discovery of new viruses such as the coronavirus, which is the cause of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, or the human bocavirus. Also, the ability to understand better the impact, dissemination and prevention of these viruses, allows us to improve the measures to prevent these infections. Summary Healthcare viral respiratory infections increase patient morbidity. Each virus has a different mechanism of transmission; therefore, early detection and prompt implementation of infection control measures are very important in order to avoid their transmission in the hospital setting.

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“…Recurrent outbreaks of PEDV have occurred across Asia and the USA, causing significant economic losses [ 73 ]. Alpha-CoV also includes human pathogens such as HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63, which are associated with respiratory tract infections such as the common cold to bronchiolitis [ 74 , 75 ]. Despite their medical and veterinary relevance, however, the exact mechanisms of alpha-CoV replication and pathogenesis are not well characterized yet.…”

Section: Nidovirales and Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction between Nidovirales and Autophagy Components

Cong

Verlhac

Reggiori

2017

Viruses

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Autophagy is a conserved intracellular catabolic pathway that allows cells to maintain homeostasis through the degradation of deleterious components via specialized double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes. During the past decades, it has been revealed that numerous pathogens, including viruses, usurp autophagy in order to promote their propagation. Nidovirales are an order of enveloped viruses with large single-stranded positive RNA genomes. Four virus families (Arterividae, Coronaviridae, Mesoniviridae, and Roniviridae) are part of this order, which comprises several human and animal pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. In host cells, Nidovirales induce membrane rearrangements including autophagosome formation. The relevance and putative mechanism of autophagy usurpation, however, remain largely elusive. Here, we review the current knowledge about the possible interplay between Nidovirales and autophagy.

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Understanding Human Coronavirus HCoV-NL63~!2009-11-13~!2010-04-09~!2010-05-25~!

Cited by 150 publications

References 85 publications

Characterization of a Pathogenic Full-Length cDNA Clone and Transmission Model for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain PC22A

Characterization of a Pathogenic Full-Length cDNA Clone and Transmission Model for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain PC22A

Transmission and Control of Respiratory Viral Infections in the Healthcare Setting

The Interaction between Nidovirales and Autophagy Components

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