Understanding (Mis)classification Trends of Latin Americans in Fordisc 3.1: Incorporating Cranial Morphology, Microgeographic Origin, and Admixture Proportions for Interpretation

Hughes, Cris E.; Dudzik, Beatrix; Algee‐Hewitt, Bridget F. B.; Jones, Ansley; Anderson, B. E.

doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13893

Cited by 17 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This framing was particularly important in understanding the designation of ‘Hispanic’ in a Tudor context. This classification is used in the USA and refers to individuals with origins or ancestral connections to Spanish-speaking regions, particularly from the Americas [ 103 , 104 ]. Applying this linguistic and social distinction to physical remains is practically and ethically challenging, and requires an understanding of the colonialist practices in ‘Hispanic’ regions, which ultimately led to an admixture of Indigenous populations, (enslaved) African and European settlers [ 104 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity aboard a Tudor warship: investigating the origins of theMary Rosecrew using multi-isotope analysis

et al. 2021

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The great Tudor warship, the Mary Rose , which sank tragically in the Solent in 1545 AD, presents a rare archaeological opportunity to research individuals for whom the precise timing and nature of death are known. A long-standing question surrounds the composition of the Tudor navy and whether the crew were largely British or had more diverse origins. This study takes a multi-isotope approach, combining strontium ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr), oxygen (δ 18 O), sulfur (δ 34 S), carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) isotope analysis of dental samples to reconstruct the childhood diet and origins of eight of the Mary Rose crew. Forensic ancestry estimation was also employed on a subsample. Provenancing isotope data tentatively suggests as many as three of the crew may have originated from warmer, more southerly climates than Britain. Five have isotope values indicative of childhoods spent in western Britain, one of which had cranial morphology suggestive of African ancestry. The general trend of relatively high δ 15 N and low δ 13 C values suggests a broadly comparable diet to contemporaneous British and European communities. This multi-isotope approach and the nature of the archaeological context has allowed the reconstruction of the biographies of eight Tudor individuals to a higher resolution than is usually possible.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity aboard a Tudor warship: investigating the origins of theMary Rosecrew using multi-isotope analysis

et al. 2021

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“…The Guatemalan Mayan sample was collected from FAFG and represents predominantly Mayans (n = 87 male) from rural areas of Comalapa and Rabinal (Hughes et al, 2019;Spradley et al, 2008).…”

Section: Data From Us/mexico Border Casework Comes From the Pimamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Guatemalan sample is a relatively homogeneous sample of contemporary Indigenous Mayans with little European admixture (Hughes et al, 2019;Spradley et al, 2008). The Hispanic sample is more heterogeneous and comprised primarily but not exclusively of migrants who died in Arizona (Hughes, Dudzik, & Algee-Hewitt, 2017;Spradley et al, 2005). Most of the Hispanic cases were only contextually identified (Jantz & Ousley, 2005) based on their circumstances surrounding death, including the biocultural profile (Anderson, 2008;Birkby et al, 2008 OpID, make it possible to begin testing if currently available and widely used reference data are the most appropriate for all migrants found along the entire US/Mexico border.…”

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confidence: 99%

Use of craniometric data to facilitate migrant identifications at the United States/Mexico border

Spradley

2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: Thousands of migrants have died along the United States/Mexico border and many remain unidentified. The purpose of this research is to test whether estimations of population affinity, derived from craniometric data, can facilitate identification of migrant remains and provide a geographic region of origin rather than the broad label Hispanic. The appropriateness of current forensic reference data will also be assessed. Methods: A case study combined with craniometric data from positively identified and unidentified migrants from the Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner (n = 489) in Arizona and operation identification (n = 201) in Texas were compared to skeletal data representing Guatemalan (n = 87) and Mexican (n = 65) Mayans. Biological distance and discriminant function analyses were used to assess overall population relationships and classificatory models for forensic anthropological application.Results: The majority of evidence indicates that estimations of population affinity can assist in the facilitation identification of migrant remains, even when a broad classification is used. Biological distances among the groups suggest that positively identified Guatemalan and Mexican migrants are similar to one another but differ from Guatemalan and Mexican Mayans.Conclusions: Population affinity estimations can aid migrant identification, and current reference data used in forensic anthropological practice should be replaced with data from positive identifications. Estimates of geographic origin may be more useful than the broad generic term Hispanic for narrowing down the search for a missing person, but more data and research is needed to achieve this goal. Although, the utility of geographic origin estimates relies on transnational data centralization and sharing, which is not always the case.

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“…Only recently have studies sought to produce information estimation criteria for individuals of Mexican nationality. Yet, they have been constrained to the study of sex and ancestry using metric skeletal data from positively identified US-Mexico border crosser fatalities (Fowler and Hughes 2018;Hughes et al 2018;Ross et al 2014;Spradley et al 2015;Spradley et al 2008;Tise et al 2013). Due to the small numbers and lack of demographic information (i.e., true age) for these highly targeted analyses, other parameters requiring osteological estimation, such as age-at-death have not been thoroughly examined and validated against the most well-established aging techniques even for these samples.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-at-Death Estimation for Modern Populations in Mexico and Puerto Rico through the Use of 3D Laser Scans of the Pubic Symphysis

Soto¹,

Algee‐Hewitt²,

Morante³

et al. 2018

Human Biology

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Reliable age-at-death estimates from the adult skeleton is of fundamental importance in forensic anthropology, as it contributes to the identity parameters used in a medico-legal death investigation. However, reliable estimates are made difficult by the fact that many traditional aging methods are dependent upon a set of population-specific criteria derived from individuals of European and African descent. The absence of information on the potential differences in the aging patterns of underrepresented, especially Hispanic populations, may hinder our efforts to produce useful age-at-death estimates. In response to these concerns, this study explores the utility of currently available aging techniques, and explores the need, if any, for populationspecific aging method among Hispanic groups. The current study obtained data from two skeletal collections representing modern individuals of Mexican and Puerto Rican origin. Five newly developed computational-shape based techniques utilizing 3D laser scans of the pubic symphysis and one traditional bone-to-phase technique were examined. A validation test of all computational and traditional methods was implemented, and new population-specific equations using the computational algorithms were generated and tested against a sub-sample. Estimated mean ages from the traditional and computational techniques were compared in order to offer practical recommendations for age estimation on cases of Hispanic identity and, in particular, cases presumed to be of Mexican or Puerto Rican individuals. Results from this study suggest that traditional and computational aging techniques applied to the pubic symphysis perform the best with individuals within 35-45 years of age. Levels of bias and inaccuracy increase as chronological age increases, with overestimation of individuals under 35 years of age, and underestimation of individuals over 45 years of age. New regression models provided error rates comparable, and in some occasions, outperformed the original computational models developed Pre-print version. Visit http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/ after publication to acquire the final version. on White American males, but age estimates did not significantly improve. This study has shown that population specific models do not necessarily improve age estimates in Hispanic samples. Results do suggest that computational methods can ultimately outperform the Suchey Brooks method and provide improvement in objectivity when estimating age-at-death in Hispanic samples. Pre-print version. Visit http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/ after publication to acquire the final version. Age-at-death estimation techniques have received considerable attention within the anthropological community, especially among forensic anthropologists, as correctly inferring age-at-death for unknown human remains can aid in making a presumptive identification during the investigative process and can contribute probabilistic evidence towards a positive identification in the medico-legal setting (Algee-Hewitt ...

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Understanding (Mis)classification Trends of Latin Americans in Fordisc 3.1: Incorporating Cranial Morphology, Microgeographic Origin, and Admixture Proportions for Interpretation

Cited by 17 publications

References 45 publications

Diversity aboard a Tudor warship: investigating the origins of theMary Rosecrew using multi-isotope analysis

Diversity aboard a Tudor warship: investigating the origins of theMary Rosecrew using multi-isotope analysis

Use of craniometric data to facilitate migrant identifications at the United States/Mexico border

Age-at-Death Estimation for Modern Populations in Mexico and Puerto Rico through the Use of 3D Laser Scans of the Pubic Symphysis

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