Understanding motor events: a neurophysiological study

Pellegrino, Giuseppe di; Fadiga, Luciano; Fogassi, Leonardo; Gallese, Vittorio; Rizzolatti, Giacomo

doi:10.1007/bf00230027

Cited by 2,783 publications

(1,709 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These neurons were originally discovered using single‐cell recordings in sector F5 of the ventral premotor cortex of macaque monkeys (Dipellegrino et al. 1992; Gallese et al. 1996; Rizzolatti et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power modulation of electroencephalogram mu and beta frequency depends on perceived level of observed actions

Simon

Mukamel

2016

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionThe ability to understand actions and intentions of others is of great importance to social relationships and is associated with the mirror neuron system of the human brain. Whether conscious perception of specific actions is necessary to trigger activity in this system, or alternatively whether this response is independent of conscious perception is not known.MethodsWe addressed this issue by rendering videos of right hand movements invisible to conscious perception, and measuring electroencephalogram (EEG) power suppression in the mu (8–13 Hz) and beta (15–25 Hz) range as index corresponding to the magnitude of mirror neuron activity.ResultsIn the beta range over bilateral sensorimotor sites, we find that suppression indices follow the reported perceptual level of subjects with stronger suppression for consciously perceived trials. Furthermore, in the nonperceived trials, oscillation power is significantly suppressed relative to baseline. In the low mu range (8–10 Hz), oscillation power over the left sensorimotor site is significantly more suppressed in the consciously perceived versus nonperceived trials.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the intensity of mirror system responses during action observation decreases with the observers' perception level yet remains significant during observation of invisible actions. Such subliminal activity could help explain phenomena such as covert imitation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power modulation of electroencephalogram mu and beta frequency depends on perceived level of observed actions

Simon

Mukamel

2016

Brain and Behavior

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“…Mirror neurons, discovered in the macaque brain, are active both during execution and observation of actions (Di Pellegrino et al, 1992). Activity in this action observation/execution matching system has been measured by using the mu rhythm derived from electroencephalography (EEG) recordings (Arnstein et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural mirroring during the observation of live and video actions in infants

Ruysschaert

Warreyn

Wiersema

et al. 2013

Clinical Neurophysiology

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We thank the participating day-care centres and organizations, all the participating children and their parents.The procedure used in the current study was approved by the ethical committee of Ghent University. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.Keywords : neural mirroring, mu suppression, video, infants, EEG, imitation 2 Highlights:• We measured significant EEG mu suppression during the observation and imitation of live goal-directed and mimicked actions in 18-to 36-months olds.• In the video setting, where the goal-directed and mimicked actions were presented on video, no mu suppression was found during the observation conditions and less mu suppression was found during the action imitation condition compared to the live setting.• The findings indicate the use of live actions in the design of paradigms investigating neural mirroring in infants. 3 AbstractObjective: Previous infant studies investigated neural mirroring during the observation of live or video actions. However, both methods have their (dis)advantages and studies using one of these methods are not always directly comparable. Therefore, the present study directly compared neural mirroring activity in a video setting with a live setting in infants between 18 and 36 months old.Methods: Central mu rhythm suppression was measured through EEG recordings during the observation and imitation of the same goal-directed and mimicked actions presented either on video or live.Results: Results revealed significant mu suppression during action imitation in both settings but stronger mu suppression was observed in the live setting during this condition. Significant mu suppression during the observation of goal-directed actions and mimicked actions was only observed in the live setting. Conclusion:This study revealed a different influence of video and live actions on neural mirroring activity in infants.Significance: It is recommended to use live actions to investigate neural mirroring in young children.4

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“…These can range from banal (somebody losing a coin which I can pick up) to life-changing (parents choosing the husband for their daughter). Obviously, actions and their consequences for another person can elicit a whole range of psychological and neural responses in an observer, ranging from the automatic engagement of the mirror neuron system [1-3] to emotional/empathic reactions [4,5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When decisions of others matter to me: an electrophysiological analysis

et al. 2010

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BackgroundActions of others may have immediate consequences for oneself. We probed the neural responses associated with the observation of another person's action using event-related potentials in a modified gambling task. In this task a "performer" bet either a higher or lower number and could win or lose this amount. Three different groups of "observers" were also studied. The first (neutral) group simply observed the performer's action, which had no consequences for the observers. In the second (parallel) group, wins/losses of the performer were paralleled by similar wins and losses by the observer. In the third (reverse) group, wins of the performer led to a loss of the observer and vice versa.ResultsERPs of the performers showed a mediofrontal feedback related negativity (FRN) to losses. The neutral and parallel observer groups did similarly show an FRN response to the performer's losses with a topography indistinguishable from that seen in the performers. In the reverse group, however, the FRN occurred for wins of the performer which translated to losses for the observer.ConclusionsTaking into account previous experiments, we suggest that the FRN response in observers is driven by two evaluative processes (a) related to the benefit/loss for oneself and (b) related to the benefit/loss of another person.

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Understanding motor events: a neurophysiological study

Cited by 2,783 publications

References 17 publications

Power modulation of electroencephalogram mu and beta frequency depends on perceived level of observed actions

Power modulation of electroencephalogram mu and beta frequency depends on perceived level of observed actions

Neural mirroring during the observation of live and video actions in infants

When decisions of others matter to me: an electrophysiological analysis

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