Understanding the anatomy of ears from guinea pigs and rats and its use in basic otologic research

Albuquerque, Agnes Afrodite Sumarelli; Rossato, Maria; Oliveira, José Antônio Apparecido de; Hyppolito, Miguel Ângelo

doi:10.1016/s1808-8694(15)30830-2

Cited by 67 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A graded series of alcohols was used for dehydration and liquid carbon dioxide was used to dry the specimens. Dried specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs and sputter coated with gold [15]. A SEM JEOL (J.S.M-5400 LV, Japanese Electron Optic Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan) was used to view the specimens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nicotine on the structure of cochlea of guinea pigs

et al. 2014

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Smoking has been positively associated with hearing loss in human. However, its effect on the cochlea has not been previously evaluated. Aim of work is to investigate the effect of nicotine, which is the primary pharmacological component of tobacco, on the structure of the cochlea of adult male guinea pigs. Fifteen male guinea pigs were classified into two groups: group I (control) and group II (nicotine treated group). Group II was further subdivided into two subgroups; IIA and IIB according to the dose of nicotine (3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg, respectively). The cochlea was harvested and processed for light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Nicotine administration induced damage of outer hair cells which were distorted in shape with vacuolated cytoplasm and heterochromatic nuclei. Topography revealed damage of the stereocilia which included disorganization, bent and limp or complete loss and expansion of the surrounding supporting cells. These changes were more pronounced in the basal turn of the cochlea and mainly involved the outer hair cells. High dose induced more damage and resulted in protrusion of the apical poles of hair cells (blebing), particularly the outer two rows. Nicotine is proved to be harmful to the cells of the cochlea, particularly the outer hair cells of the basal turn. High doses induce blebing of hair cells.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nicotine on the structure of cochlea of guinea pigs

et al. 2014

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“…S1C-J), including the openedskull simulations (Fig. S1G-H) on 1.5 times enlarged head size to compensate the potential size differences between the Wistar rat and guinea pig models (Guo et al, 2018), although both models have a similar skull size (Albuquerque et al, 2009). In the small skull cavities, the ultrasound pressures are concentrated at the local target region as expected ( Fig.…”

Section: Controls For Confounding Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic Cell-type Selectivity and Inter-neuronal Connectivity Alteration by Transcranial Focused Ultrasound

Kang

Niu²,

Krook-Magnuson

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is a promising neuromodulation technique, but its mechanisms remain unclear. We investigate the effect of tFUS stimulation on different neuron types and synaptic connectivity in in vivo anesthetized rodent brains.Single units were separated into regular-spiking and fast-spiking units based on their extracellular spike shapes, further validated in transgenic optogenetic mice models of light-excitable excitatory and inhibitory neurons. For the first time, we show that excitatory neurons are significantly less responsive to low ultrasound pulse repetition frequencies (UPRFs), whereas the spike rates of inhibitory neurons do not change significantly across all UPRF levels. Our results suggest that we can preferentially target specific neuron types noninvasively by altering the tFUS UPRF. We also report in vivo observation of long-term synaptic connectivity changes induced by noninvasive tFUS in rats. This finding suggests tFUS can be used to encode temporally dependent stimulation paradigms into neural circuits and non-invasively elicit long-term changes in synaptic connectivity.

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“…However, the establishment of dissociated organ of Corti suspension culture is still challenging. Although the guinea pig has been widely adopted as an animal model for cochlea experimental surgery[16], it has not been demonstrated as an appropriate source of cells for suspension culturing of the organ of Corti. The aim of this study was to compare conditions and outcomes of suspension cultures of dissociated organ of Corti from neonatal mouse and guinea pig, and to evaluate the guinea pig as a potential cochlea donor for preclinical cell therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retention of progenitor cell phenotype in otospheres from guinea pig and mouse cochlea

et al. 2010

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BackgroundCulturing otospheres from dissociated organ of Corti is an appropriate starting point aiming at the development of cell therapy for hair cell loss. Although guinea pigs have been widely used as an excellent experimental model for studying the biology of the inner ear, the mouse cochlea has been more suitable for yielding otospheres in vitro. The aim of this study was to compare conditions and outcomes of otosphere suspension cultures from dissociated organ of Corti of either mouse or guinea pig at postnatal day three (P3), and to evaluate the guinea pig as a potential cochlea donor for preclinical cell therapy.MethodsOrgans of Corti were surgically isolated from P3 guinea pig or mouse cochlea, dissociated and cultivated under non-adherent conditions. Cultures were maintained in serum-free DMEM:F12 medium, supplemented with epidermal growth factor (EGF) plus either basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα). Immunofluorescence assays were conducted for phenotype characterization.ResultsThe TGFα group presented a number of spheres significantly higher than the bFGF group. Although mouse cultures yielded more cells per sphere than guinea pig cultures, sox2 and nestin distributed similarly in otosphere cells from both organisms. We present evidence that otospheres retain properties of inner ear progenitor cells such as self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation into hair cells or supporting cells.ConclusionsDissociated guinea pig cochlea produced otospheres in vitro, expressing sox2 and nestin similarly to mouse otospheres. Our data is supporting evidence for the presence of inner ear progenitor cells in the postnatal guinea pig. However, there is limited viability for these cells in neonatal guinea pig cochlea when compared to the differentiation potential observed for the mouse organ of Corti at the same developmental stage.

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Understanding the anatomy of ears from guinea pigs and rats and its use in basic otologic research

Cited by 67 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of nicotine on the structure of cochlea of guinea pigs

Effect of nicotine on the structure of cochlea of guinea pigs

Intrinsic Cell-type Selectivity and Inter-neuronal Connectivity Alteration by Transcranial Focused Ultrasound

Retention of progenitor cell phenotype in otospheres from guinea pig and mouse cochlea

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