Understanding the Association Between Negative Life Events and Suicidal Risk in College Students: Examining Self‐Compassion as a Potential Mediator

Chang, Edward C.; Yu, Tina; Najarian, Alexandria S.-M.; Wright, Kaitlin M.; Chen, Wenting; Chang, Olivia D.; Du, Yifeng; Hirsch, Jameson K.

doi:10.1002/jclp.22374

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The combined sample size was 4,345 participants, with a mean age of 20.9 years old (range = 11–66 years old); 58.6% ( n = 2,547) of participants were female. Five studies were conducted in North America (Chang et al, ; Gregory et al, ; Hayes et al, ; Rabon, Sirois, & Hirsch, ; Tanaka et al, ) and were the only studies to detail ethnicity; three of the samples were predominantly White (59–89%) and female (67.9–100% female). Tanaka et al's () sample reported diverse ethnic backgrounds (27% White, 31.3% Black, and 27.8% dual/multiple ethnicity).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining studies assessed a variety of outcomes, including suicidal ideation (Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation; Beck & Steer, in Collett et al, ) and self‐harm (Risk‐taking and Self‐harm Inventory for Adolescents Portuguese; Xavier et al, in Xavier et al, ). Two studies (Chang et al, ; Rabon et al, ) assessed mixed suicidal behaviours (Suicidal Behaviours Questionnaire‐revised [SBQ‐R]; Osman et al, ). Jiang et al () assessed the frequency of NSSI methods used in the preceding 12 months with responses on a Likert‐type scale ranging from 1 ( never ) to 7 ( almost every day ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, self‐harm groups scored lower on the positive subscales and higher on the negative subscales of the SCS than control groups. Chang et al () reported small associations between the subscales ( r = −.2 to r = −.26, positive subscales; r = .26 to r = .28, negative subscales) and suicidal behaviours (effect sizes: positive, r 2 = 5.3; negative, r 2 = 7.3). The strength of association between self‐compassion and suicidal ideation or NSSI ranged from r 2 = 3.6 to r 2 = 10.9 (Jiang et al, and Xavier et al, , respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Self‐compassion, self‐forgiveness, suicidal ideation, and self‐harm: A systematic review

Cleare

Gumley

O’Connor

2019

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Self-compassion has been implicated in the aetiology and course of mental health with evidence suggesting an association between greater self-compassion and lower emotional distress. However, our understanding of the nature and extent of the relationship between self-compassion and self-harm (self-injury regardless of suicidal intent) or suicidal ideation remains unclear. This review, therefore, aimed to critically evaluate the extant literature investigating this relationship. To do so, a systematic search, including terms synonymous with self-compassion, was conducted on three main psychological and medical databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Medline).Only studies investigating self-compassion or self-forgiveness and self-harm or suicidal ideation were found to be relevant to the review. Eighteen studies were included in the final narrative synthesis. Heterogeneity of studies was high, and the majority of studies were quantitative and cross-sectional (n = 16) in design. All studies reported significant associations between higher levels of self-forgiveness or self-compassion and lower levels of self-harm or suicidal ideation. Several studies suggested that self-compassion or self-forgiveness may weaken the relationship between negative life events and self-harm. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential importance of self-compassion in the aetiology of suicidal thoughts and self-harm. We discuss the clinical and research implications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Self‐compassion, self‐forgiveness, suicidal ideation, and self‐harm: A systematic review

Cleare

Gumley

O’Connor

2019

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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“…Self-esteem is built on standards/norms established by the outside world; self-compassion means providing non-judgmental understanding of one's own pain, inadequacies and failures (Neff 2003). Self-compassion can mediate the influence of negative life-events and thereby reduce the risk of suicide (Chang et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways to Attempted Suicide as Reflected in the Narratives of People with Lived Experience

Luhaäär

Sisask

2018

Religions

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Narratives, i.e., stories told by suicidal people, describing personal experiences and meanings given to these experiences, play an important role in understanding suicidal behaviour. The aim of the current study was to analyse suicidal processes that have resulted in attempted suicide and to improve the understanding of protective and risk factors of suicidal behaviour. Special emphasis was paid to religious/spiritual aspects. The material was collected in Estonia by conducting narrative interviews with adults (18 years or older) who had attempted suicide during their lifetimes (N = 8). Thematic analysis was used for analysing the data. The main themes identified from the narratives were: childhood and family relationships, romantic relationships, alcohol/drug abuse, losses, sleep, previous suicide attempts, and religious/spiritual beliefs. The findings of the study show that there are many pathways to attempted suicide and that the process leading to attempted suicide is complex. Protective and risk factors are both multi-faceted.

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“…Low self-compassion is related to mental suffering in college students, including depression (Neff, 2011), sadness, anxiety, anger, and embarrassment (Leary et al, 2007). Self-compassion is a significant mediator between negative life experiences and suicidal tendency, as indicated by depressive sighs and suicidal actions (Chang et al, 2016). As the distress levels of college students continue to rise and university counseling centers struggle to meet these demands, it is important to reexamine and develop resources that better meet the mental health needs of these college students.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the relationship between empathy for others and self-compassion in college students

Daltry¹,

Mehr²,

Sauers³

et al. 2018

Educ. Res. Rev.

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This study examined the correlation between self-compassion and empathy for others in college students in order to better inform clinical work and outreach programming in university counseling centers. Preliminary analyses indicated that gender identity was a confounding variable; therefore, the main analyses were run distinctly for male and female identified participants. There was no important association between self-compassion and empathy for female identified participants. There was an important connection between self-compassion and empathy for others for male identified participants, indicating that higher self-compassion was linked to lower empathy for others. Possible explanations along with recommendations are given.

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Understanding the Association Between Negative Life Events and Suicidal Risk in College Students: Examining Self‐Compassion as a Potential Mediator

Abstract: These findings suggest that there are specific facets of self-compassion that account for the association between NLE and suicidal risk in college students and that (loss of) common humanity plays a central role in this process.

Cited by 42 publications

References 45 publications

Self‐compassion, self‐forgiveness, suicidal ideation, and self‐harm: A systematic review

Self‐compassion, self‐forgiveness, suicidal ideation, and self‐harm: A systematic review

Pathways to Attempted Suicide as Reflected in the Narratives of People with Lived Experience

Examining the relationship between empathy for others and self-compassion in college students

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