Self‐compassion, self‐forgiveness, suicidal ideation, and self‐harm: A systematic review

Abstract

Self-compassion has been implicated in the aetiology and course of mental health with evidence suggesting an association between greater self-compassion and lower emotional distress. However, our understanding of the nature and extent of the relationship between self-compassion and self-harm (self-injury regardless of suicidal intent) or suicidal ideation remains unclear. This review, therefore, aimed to critically evaluate the extant literature investigating this relationship. To do so, a systematic search, including terms synonymous with self-compassion, was conducted on three main psychological and medical databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Medline).Only studies investigating self-compassion or self-forgiveness and self-harm or suicidal ideation were found to be relevant to the review. Eighteen studies were included in the final narrative synthesis. Heterogeneity of studies was high, and the majority of studies were quantitative and cross-sectional (n = 16) in design. All studies reported significant associations between higher levels of self-forgiveness or self-compassion and lower levels of self-harm or suicidal ideation. Several studies suggested that self-compassion or self-forgiveness may weaken the relationship between negative life events and self-harm. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential importance of self-compassion in the aetiology of suicidal thoughts and self-harm. We discuss the clinical and research implications.

Self‐compassion as an applicable intervention target for family carers of older adults: A conceptual commentary

“…Specifically, targeted self‐compassion interventions have been found particularly effective in the treatment of eating difficulties and rumination (large effects), as well as having positive effects on depression, stress, anxiety, self‐criticism, self‐compassion, mindfulness, positive and negative affect, and life satisfaction (moderate to small effects) . Self‐compassion has also been implicated in the aetiology of suicidality, with higher levels of self‐compassion associated with lower levels of self‐harm and suicidal ideation . More recently, studies have also begun to explore the potential of self‐compassion in the stress‐management process of various formal health care professionals.…”

“…2 Self-compassion has also been implicated in the aetiology of suicidality, with higher levels of self-compassion associated with lower levels of self-harm and suicidal ideation. 59 More recently, studies have also begun to explore the potential of self-compassion in the stressmanagement process of various formal health care professionals. In these early studies, greater self-compassion has been linked to reduced burnout and fatigue in both hospital and community nurses and student midwives.…”

The Сoncept of Self-compassion: a Russian Adaptation of the Scale by Kristin Neff

“…Недавний метаанализ, учитывающий исследования связи сочувствия к себе и психопатологии (тревожности, депрессии и стресса), в которых применялась данная шкала, выявил 20 выборок в 14 исследованиях; авторы пришли к заключению о большой величине эффекта [29]. Систематический обзор, посвященный исследованиям отрицательной связи сочувствия к себе с суицидальными мыслями и самоповреждениями, обнаружил 18 исследований по данной теме [16]. Метаанализ, исследующий связь сочувствия к себе и благополучия, нашел 79 выборок и также выявил большую величину эффекта [53].…”

Особенности Молодых Людей С Самоповреждениями И Предшествующими Попытками В Остром Суицидальном Кризисе

“…В качестве переменных для сравнения мы выбрали психологические характеристики, которые заявили себя как значимые факторы в развитии суицидального поведения: сочувствие к себе [37], перфекционизм [38], ощущаемая социальная поддержка [39], безнадёжность и душевная боль [34,40]. Мы также включили в блок методик опросники, исследующие временную перспективу прошлого и будущего, а также стили привязанности, поскольку в предыдущем исследовании они зарекомендовали себя как важные переменные [36].…”

“…We chose following psychological characteristics as the variables, which proved themselves as significant factors in development of suicidal behavior: self-compassion [37], perfectionism [38], perceived social support [39], psychache and hopelessness [34; 40]. We also included the questionnaires on past and future time-perspectives, as well as attachment styles, as in the previous study they proved to be the important variables [36].…”