Understanding the Benefits and Limitations of Increasing Maximum Rotor Tip Speed for Utility-Scale Wind Turbines

Ning, Andrew; Dykes, Katherine

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/524/1/012087

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In practice, such high loadings are undesirable as they are not robust to increased windspeeds. Furthermore, increased thrust coefficients lead to excessive structural tower cost. The function selected for the present work is

p (C_{T}) = ({, \begin{matrix} arrayleft \\ 0 & : C_{T} < C_{T \max} \\ 100 {(C_{T} - C_{T \max})}^{4} & : C_{T} ⩾ C_{T \max} \end{matrix})

where C T max = 0.7.…”

Section: Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic optimization of shrouded wind turbines

Aranake

Duraisamy

2016

Wind Energ.

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An axisymmetric Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes solver is used along with an actuator disk model for the analysis of shrouded wind turbine flowfields. Following this, an efficient blade design technique that maximizes sectional power production is developed. These two techniques are incorporated into an optimization framework that seeks to design the geometry of the shroud and rotor to extract maximum power under thrust constraints. The optimal solution is also evaluated using a full three‐dimensional Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes solver, suggesting the viability of the design. The predicted optimal designs yield power augmentations well in excess of the Betz limit, even if the normalization of the power coefficient is performed with respect to the maximum shroud area. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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p (C_{T}) = ({, \begin{matrix} arrayleft \\ 0 & : C_{T} < C_{T \max} \\ 100 {(C_{T} - C_{T \max})}^{4} & : C_{T} ⩾ C_{T \max} \end{matrix})

where C T max = 0.7.…”

Section: Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic optimization of shrouded wind turbines

Aranake

Duraisamy

2016

Wind Energ.

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“…The analysis uses a simplified model that assumes that the other aspects of the turbine (hub, nacelle, and tower) remain constant because the rotor thrust is constrained to not exceed its initial thrust and the rated power is held constant. In this case, financing aspects are ignored and the cost of energy is found with Equation .

C O E = \frac{F R false(T C C + B O S false) + false(1 - T false) O P E X}{A E P}

In this equation, COE is the project levelized cost of energy, TCC is the total turbine capital costs for the project, BOS is the total balance of station costs for the project, AEP is the annual energy production, OPEX is the overall project operational expenditures, FR is the financing rate, and T is the tax deduction rate on OPEX.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rotor cost is the sum of the hub cost and the blades cost where the blades costs are estimated to be linearly proportional to the blade mass. An AEP loss factor of 0.885 and the turbine capital cost multiplier of 1.56 are used with an FR of 0.095 and T of 0.4. Standard International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) specifications for a land‐based high‐wind‐speed site (IEC Class IB) are used corresponding to a mean wind speed of 10.0 m/s.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated free‐form method for aerostructural optimization of wind turbine blades

Barrett

Ning

2018

Wind Energy

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A typical approach to optimize wind turbine blades separates the airfoil shape design from the blade planform design. This approach is sequential, where the airfoils along the blade span are preselected or optimized and then held constant during the blade planform optimization. In contrast, integrated blade design optimizes the airfoils and the blade planform concurrently and thereby has the potential to reduce cost of energy (COE) more than sequential design. Nevertheless, sequential design is commonly performed because of the ease of precomputation, or the ability to compute the airfoil analyses prior to the blade optimization. This research compares 2 integrated blade design approaches. The precomputational method combines precomputation with the ability to change the airfoil shapes in limited ways during the optimization. The free‐form method allows for a complete range of airfoil shapes, but without precomputation. The airfoils are analyzed with a panel method (XFOIL) and a Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes computational fluid dynamics method (RANS CFD). Optimizing the NREL 5‐MW reference turbine showed COE reductions of 2.0%, 4.2%, and 4.7% when using XFOIL and 2.7%, 6.0%, and 6.7% when using RANS CFD for the sequential, precomputational, and free‐form methods, respectively. The precomputational method captures most of the benefits of integrated design for minimal additional computational cost and complexity, but the free‐form method provides modest additional benefits if the extra effort is made in computational cost and development time.

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“…The system outputs are the cumulative weight, moments of inertia and center of gravity of the entire hub and nacelle assemblies, which are used as inputs at the tower design level. More information about the gearbox design as part of the overall wind turbine design process can be found in some studies .…”

Section: Design Basis and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a 5 MW reference gearbox for offshore wind turbines

et al. 2015

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This paper presents detailed descriptions, modelling parameters and technical data of a 5 MW high speed gearbox developed for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) offshore 5 MW baseline wind turbine. The main aim of this article is to support the concept studies and researches for large offshore wind turbines by providing a baseline gearbox model with detailed modelling parameters. This baseline gearbox follows the most conventional design types of those used in wind turbines. The gearbox consists of three stages, two planetary and one parallel stage gears. The gear ratios among the stages are calculated in a way to obtain the minimum gearbox weight. The gearbox components are designed and selected based on the offshore wind turbine design codes and validated by comparison with the data available from the manufacturer of large offshore wind turbine prototypes. All parameters required to establish the dynamic model of the gearbox are then provided. Moreover, a maintenance map indicating components with high to low probability of failure is shown. The 5 MW reference gearbox can be used as a baseline for research on wind turbine gearboxes and comparison studies. It can also be employed in global analysis tools to represent a more realistic model of gearbox in the coupled analysis.

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Understanding the Benefits and Limitations of Increasing Maximum Rotor Tip Speed for Utility-Scale Wind Turbines

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Aerodynamic optimization of shrouded wind turbines

Aerodynamic optimization of shrouded wind turbines

Integrated free‐form method for aerostructural optimization of wind turbine blades

Development of a 5 MW reference gearbox for offshore wind turbines

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