Understanding the CDM's contribution to technology transfer

Schneider, Malte; Holzer, Andreas; Hoffmann, Volker H.

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2008.04.009

Cited by 175 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to the literature (Dechezleprêtre, Glachant, and Ménière, 2008;UN-FCCC, 2010), technology transfer is particularly common in large projects implemented in rapidly growing developing countries that have already reached relatively high levels of technological prowess, in some cases through previous CDM project implementation. Moreover, the literature suggests that the CDM promotes technology transfer through multiple channels, including institutional support and enhanced commercial viability of clean technology projects (Schneider, Holzer, and Hoffmann, 2008). Our primary contribution to this literature is a theoretical and empirical analysis of interactive effects between the technology's commercial value and the recipient country's absorptive capacity: we show that countries with high absorptive capacity receive advanced, commercially important renewable energy technologies less often than countries with low absorptive capacity.…”

Section: The International Political Economy Of Technology Transfermentioning

confidence: 84%

External sources of clean technology: Evidence from the Clean Development Mechanism

Bayer

Urpelainen

2012

Rev Int Organ

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New technology is fundamental to sustainable development. However, inventors from industrialized countries often refuse technology transfer because they worry about reverse-engineering. When can clean technology transfer succeed? We develop a formal model of the political economy of North-South technology transfer. According to the model, technology transfer is possible if (i) the technology in focus has limited global commercial potential or (ii) the host developing country does not have the capacity to absorb new technologies for commercial use. If both conditions fail, inventors from industrialized countries worry about the adverse competitiveness effects of reverse-engineering, so technology transfer fails. Data analysis of technology transfer in 4,894 projects implemented under the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism during the 2004-2010 period provides evidence in support of the model. * This paper was written during a research stay funded by an ERP fellowship of the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes. Patrick Bayer gratefully acknowledges this generous funding and is thankful for the hospitality of Columbia University. We thank Christopher Marcoux for help with data collection and management. We also thank Thomas Hale, Richard Perkins, Eri Saikawa, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on a previous draft.

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Section: The International Political Economy Of Technology Transfermentioning

confidence: 84%

External sources of clean technology: Evidence from the Clean Development Mechanism

Bayer

Urpelainen

2012

Rev Int Organ

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“…For example, research on technology transfer occurring through Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects focuses on the transfer of hardware and physical installations and only very superficially recognizes the knowledge dimension of technology (Schneider et al 2008;Bell 2012). Similarly, in the policy discussions under the UNFCCC, one understanding (or position) promoted by developed country negotiators, most importantly the European Union, understands technology transfer as the geographical relocation of technology embodied in physical goods, installations, industrial machinery and equipment, which ultimately causes a net reduction in GHGs.…”

Section: Conceptual Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The conceptual and practical challenges to technology categorisation in the preparation of technology needs assessments

Nygaard

Hansen

2015

Climatic Change

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“…While it is not one of its explicit goals, the CDM is frequently perceived as a vehicle for inter-2 International technology transfer in CDM projects national technology transfer 1 (Dechezleprêtre, Glachant, & Ménière, 2008Murphy, Kirkman, Seres, & Haites, 2013;Popp, 2011;Schneider, Holzer, & Hoffmann, 2008;Weitzel, Liu, & Vaona, 2014). As part of the CDM approval process, host countries may require these projects to involve technology transfer (UNFCCC, 2010), but only few countries have done so explicitly (SpaldingFecher et al, 2012).…”

Section: " (United Nationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors driving international technology transfer: empirical insights from a CDM project survey

et al. 2015

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractThis study employs an original survey-based dataset to explore technology transfer in CDM projects. The findings suggest that about two-thirds of the CDM projects involve a medium to very high extent of technology transfer. The econometric analysis distinguishes between knowledge and equipment transfer and specifically allows for the influence of technological characteristics, such as novelty and complexity of a technology, as well as the use of different transfer channels. More complex technologies and the use of export as a transfer channel are found to be associated with a higher degree of technology transfer. Projects involving 2-to 5-year-old technologies seem more likely to involve technology transfer than both younger and older technologies. Energy supply and efficiency projects are correlated with a higher degree of technology transfer than non-energy projects. Unlike previous studies, our analysis did not find technology transfer to be related to project size, the length of time a country has hosted CDM projects or the host country's absorptive capacity. Our findings are similar for knowledge and equipment transfer. CDM projects are often seen as a vehicle for the transfer of climate technologies from industrialized to developing countries. Thus, a better understanding of the factors driving technology transfer in these projects may help policy makers design policies that better foster the transfer of knowledge and equipment, in addition to lowering greenhouse gas emissions. This may be achieved by including more stringent requirements with regard to international technology transfer in countries' CDM project approval processes. Based on our findings, such policies should focus particularly on energy supply and efficiency technologies. Likewise, it may be beneficial for host countries to condition project approval on the novelty and complexity of technologies and adjust these provisions over time. Since such technological characteristics are not captured systematically by PDDs, using a survey-based evaluation opens up new opportunities for a more holistic and targeted evaluation of technology transfer in CDM projects.

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Understanding the CDM's contribution to technology transfer

Cited by 175 publications

References 17 publications

External sources of clean technology: Evidence from the Clean Development Mechanism

External sources of clean technology: Evidence from the Clean Development Mechanism

The conceptual and practical challenges to technology categorisation in the preparation of technology needs assessments

Factors driving international technology transfer: empirical insights from a CDM project survey

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