Understanding the Decision to Pursue Revocation of Intensive Supervision: A Descriptive Survey of Juvenile Probation and Aftercare Officers

Lowe, Nathan C.; Dawson‐Edwards, Cherie; Minor, Kevin I.; Wells, James B.

doi:10.1080/10509670802143417

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Perhaps youth’s altercations with others reflect underlying social-behavioral difficulties that are also linked to peer relationship challenges (Rudolph, Flynn, & Abaied, 2008). Thus, youth charged with offenses involving other people (e.g., simple assault) might benefit from additional supports focused on interpersonal difficulties upon entering the diversion program—not simply additional monitoring, as that has been shown to increase observed violations (Bechtold, Monahan, Wakefield, & Cauffman, 2015; Lowe, Dawson-Edwards, Minor, & Wells, 2008; Rubin, 2010) and would likely have a negative effect. Perhaps panel members and other program personnel could work together to better understand any underlying issues contributing to the behavior leading to this type of charge and work with youth, their family members, and other positive adults to address these issues in a way that limits reoffense or other challenges to successful contract completion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Successful Completion of a Community-Based, Postarrest Juvenile Diversion Program and Subsequent Rearrest

NeMoyer

Gale-Bentz

Goldstein

et al. 2019

Crime & Delinquency

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Although diversion programs can allow arrested youth to avoid formal justice system processing, unsuccessful program completion can result in adjudication. Thus, it is important to determine whether youth successfully complete programs and identify factors linked to success. We examined records from 933 postarrest diversion program participants. Youth received a wide range of conditions during participation and the vast majority successfully completed the program, became eligible for record expungement, and avoided rearrest within 3 years. Analyses revealed significant relationships between program completion and factors related to referral charge and imposed conditions; gender and program outcome were also linked to recidivism. Results both support the use of diversion programs to limit formal juvenile justice processing and encourage further evaluation of such programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Successful Completion of a Community-Based, Postarrest Juvenile Diversion Program and Subsequent Rearrest

NeMoyer

Gale-Bentz

Goldstein

et al. 2019

Crime & Delinquency

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“…More intensive efforts have historically tended to focus on surveillance, control, and discipline (Sluder et al, 1991). In fact, though published over a decade ago, one study found that officers ranked ensuring safety and security within the community as the highest priority, followed by providing supervision/surveillance to detect violations, deterring violations by sanctioning infractions, and last, rehabilitation (Lowe et al, 2008).…”

Section: Parens Patriae and Parentingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partners or adversaries? The relation between juvenile diversion supervision and parenting practices.

Fine¹,

Rowan²,

Cauffman³

2020

Law and Human Behavior

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Objective: Based on guiding principles such as parens patriae, juvenile probation officers (JPOs) not only supervise youth, but in certain jurisdictions they also decide how control-oriented their conditions will be. JPOs' perceptions of parenting could be related to their decision making. This study examined: (a) whether JPOs' perceptions of the home were associated with the conditions they placed on youth; (b) if JPOs' perceptions of the home aligned with the youths' perceptions; and (c) if JPOs' control-oriented conditions were associated with changes in parenting practices. Hypotheses: (H1) JPOs' perceptions of the home should be positively related to youths' perceptions of parenting practices. (H2) JPOs' perceptions of the home should be positively associated with the conditions imposed. (H3) JPOs' control-oriented conditions may be positively associated with increased parental supervision, yet they may also be associated with lessened parental supervision. Method: The sample consisted of 265 male youth (mean age ϭ 15.41; 76.6% Latino, 19.25% White, 0.75% Black) who were arrested for the first time and placed on supervised diversion. Results: Latent class analyses indicated that there were three supervision conditions classes: standard, moderate, and high control. JPOs' perceptions of the home did not align with youths' perceptions of parenting practices (e.g., rule setting, curfew setting, and monitoring) yet they were the strongest predictor of receiving the most control-oriented conditions. Surprisingly, parental rule setting, curfew setting, and monitoring declined once youth were placed under supervision, and declines did not differ based on how control-oriented their official conditions were. Conclusions: Parents are thought to be vital in justice-involved youths' success. Yet within this sample, officers' perceptions of the family did not align with youths' perceptions. Further, parental supervision declined equally regardless of how control-oriented youths' supervision conditions were. Parents must be better integrated into the process to enhance the success of youth on community supervision. Public Significance StatementYouth report that their parental supervision declines once they are placed under official supervision, indicating that families may view probation as supplanting or replacing their responsibilities. Officers and parents must work together to ensure youth are adequately supervised and supported, rather than one authority supplanting the other.

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“…In one of the few studies that explored the relationships between youths’ behaviors while on probation and JPOs’ perceptions of youth, staff from an intensive supervision program (ISP) rated youths’ probation noncompliant behaviors (both quality and quantity of violations) as crucial factors to consider in probation revocation decisions, in addition to current and past offense history and substance use concerns (Lowe, Dawson-Edwards, Minor, & Wells, 2008). Findings from that study indicate that staff believe that youths’ behaviors while on probation should play a role in JPOs’ recommendations to the court, but this study did not examine the impact of compliance information on decision making.…”

Section: Information About Youths’ Compliance With Probation Requirem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of community-based provider reports on juvenile probation officers’ recommendations: Effects of positive and negative framing on decision making.

Gale-Bentz¹,

Goldstein²,

Cole³

et al. 2019

Law and Human Behavior

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This study examined whether varying the presentation of information about a youth’s compliance with probation requirements in community provider reports influenced juvenile probation officers’ (JPOs) perceptions and court recommendations. This study used an experimental design to explore the impact of report framing (positive, neutral, negative) and youth risk level (low, high) on JPOs’ decision making. Pennsylvania-based JPOs (N = 209) participated in an anonymous, online study. Participants read one of six community provider reports about a hypothetical probationer and answered five questions about impressions of the youth and their recommendations to the court. JPOs who read negatively framed information rated compliance and effort significantly lower than those who read positively or neutrally framed information. JPOs who read negatively framed information reported lower likelihood of recommending positive court responses and greater likelihood of recommending negative court responses, particularly when considering probation revocation for youth identified as high risk. JPOs rated compliance significantly higher for youth identified as low risk than for youth identified as high risk. Mediation analyses revealed that JPOs’ perceptions of youth significantly mediated the pathway between report framing and court recommendations, but did not mediate the pathway from youth risk level to JPOs’ recommendations. Findings suggest that JPOs differentially interpret identical behaviors depending on the framing of information. Given that negatively framed information evoked significantly more unfavorable impressions and punitive recommendations, practitioners should consider how youths’ progress on probation is communicated among court personnel, particularly as ongoing juvenile probation reform efforts seek to promote consistent treatment across youth.

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Understanding the Decision to Pursue Revocation of Intensive Supervision: A Descriptive Survey of Juvenile Probation and Aftercare Officers

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Factors Associated With Successful Completion of a Community-Based, Postarrest Juvenile Diversion Program and Subsequent Rearrest

Factors Associated With Successful Completion of a Community-Based, Postarrest Juvenile Diversion Program and Subsequent Rearrest

Partners or adversaries? The relation between juvenile diversion supervision and parenting practices.

Impact of community-based provider reports on juvenile probation officers’ recommendations: Effects of positive and negative framing on decision making.

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