2020
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006457
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Understanding the Interaction of Polyelectrolyte Architectures with Proteins and Biosystems

Abstract: The counterions neutralizing the charges on polyelectrolytes such as DNA or heparin may dissociate in water and greatly influence the interaction of such polyelectrolytes with biomolecules, particularly proteins. In this Review we give an overview of studies on the interaction of proteins with polyelectrolytes and how this knowledge can be used for medical applications. Counterion release was identified as the main driving force for the binding of proteins to polyelectrolytes: Patches of positive charge become… Show more

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Cited by 86 publications
(108 citation statements)
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References 245 publications
(467 reference statements)
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“…HPGSs with higher (2600 kDa) and lower ( Thes tructure of HPGS in an aqueous solution can be approximated by as phere with negative surface charges. [16] LPGS is alinear polymer that can attain multiple conformations and may span larger distances,and can hence conform to larger basic patches on the surface of proteins.D ue to its greater backbone flexibility,L PGS can adapt its conforma-tion more easily to the positively charged pockets,resulting in strong binding.H PGS,o nt he other hand, is ar ather rigid spherical structure and cannot adapt its conformation to the binding pocket. Similar results have been obtained in the study of influenza virus and herpes simplex virus inhibitors, where the linear constructs performed much better than hyperbranched constructs at the same molecular weight.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…HPGSs with higher (2600 kDa) and lower ( Thes tructure of HPGS in an aqueous solution can be approximated by as phere with negative surface charges. [16] LPGS is alinear polymer that can attain multiple conformations and may span larger distances,and can hence conform to larger basic patches on the surface of proteins.D ue to its greater backbone flexibility,L PGS can adapt its conforma-tion more easily to the positively charged pockets,resulting in strong binding.H PGS,o nt he other hand, is ar ather rigid spherical structure and cannot adapt its conformation to the binding pocket. Similar results have been obtained in the study of influenza virus and herpes simplex virus inhibitors, where the linear constructs performed much better than hyperbranched constructs at the same molecular weight.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The work presented here follows our hypothesis that charge–charge interactions are of central importance to inhibit the entry of SARS‐CoV‐2 into cells. As discussed recently, [14, 16–18] charge–charge interactions mainly act through counterion release: [19, 20] patches of positive charge on the surface of proteins can become multivalent counterions of highly negatively charged polyelectrolytes such as heparin, thus releasing a concomitant number of counterions condensed to the polyelectrolyte into the bulk phase [16, 17] . Thus, positively charged patches could be a target for the design of viral‐entry inhibitors.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In wässriger Lçsung kann man sich die Struktur von HPGS annähernd als eine Art Kugel mit negativer Oberflächenladung vorstellen. [16] LPGS ist ein lineares Polymer, welches mehrere Konformationen einnehmen und grçßere Distanzen überbrücken kann und sich dadurch an grçßere basische Bereiche auf der Oberfläche von Proteinen anpassen kann. Aufgrund der grçßeren Flexibilitätdes Rückgrats kann LPGS seine Konformation leichter an die positiv geladenen Taschen anpassen, was zu einer stärkeren Bindung führt.…”
Section: Ergebnisse Und Diskussionunclassified
“…[11][12][13][14][15] Die hier vorgestellte Arbeit folgt unserer Hypothese,dass Wechselwirkungen zwischen Ladungsträgern von zentraler Bedeutung sind, um die Aufnahme von SARS-CoV-2 in die Zelle zu verhindern. Wieb ereits kürzlich diskutiert [16][17][18] wurde,w irken elektrostatische Wechselwirkungen hauptsächlich durch die Freisetzung von Gegenionen: [19,20] Positiv geladene Bereiche auf der Oberfläche von Proteinen stellen multivalente Gegenionen zu stark negativ geladenen Polyelektrolyten dar,w ie zum Beispiel Heparin, wodurch eine beträchtliche Menge an Gegenionen, die an den Polyelektrolyten assoziiert sind, in die Flüssigkeit freigesetzt wird. [16,17] Positiv geladene Bereiche sollten daher bei der Entwicklung neuer viraler Entry-Inhibitoren als zielgerichtete Andockstellen berücksichtigt werden.…”
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