Understanding the links between education and smoking

Maralani, Vida

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.05.007

Cited by 63 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Other studies have shown the importance of earlier health behaviors for both educational attainment and later health behaviors (for examples, Andersson and Maralani 2015; Maralani 2014; Pudrovska et al 2014). Although I do not interpret the model predicting college degree attainment from adolescent characteristics, the results demonstrate that earlier health behaviors are positively associated with college graduation (see Appendix B).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results from these studies generally conclude that education has a causal effect on health behaviors (Conti and Heckman 2010; de Walque 2007), but those looking at siblings or twins often find attenuated or nonexistent effects (Gilman et al 2008; Webbink et al 2010). Recently, research has demonstrated that adolescence shapes later health behavior (Frech 2012) and that smoking emerges well before college attendance (Andersson and Maralani 2015; Maralani 2014), suggesting that the strong association between education and smoking may be spurious. The need for stronger tests of the selection hypothesis remains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?

Lawrence

2017

J Health Soc Behav

125

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College graduates live much healthier lives than those with less education, but research has yet to document with certainty the sources of this disparity. This study examines why U.S. young adults who earn college degrees exhibit healthier behavior than those with less education. I use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), which offers information on education and health behaviors across adolescence and young adulthood (N=14,265). Accounting for selection into college degree attainment substantially reduces the associations between college degree attainment and health behavior, but college degree attainment demonstrates a strong causal effect on young adult health. Financial, occupational, social, cognitive, and psychological resources explain less than half of the association between college degree attainment and health behavior. The healthier behaviors of college graduates are the result of sorting into educational attainment, embedding of human capital, and mechanisms other than socioeconomic and psychosocial resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?

Lawrence

2017

J Health Soc Behav

125

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“…Studies exploiting variation induced by compulsory schooling laws, however, tend to focus on education before college when schooling arguably may be more affected by these laws. But on the other hand, individuals with college educations are a very select group (Maralani 2013, 2014). They may have better genetic and social endowments, better health and health behaviors, and higher cognitive and non-cognitive skills even before entering college than their counterparts.…”

Section: Background Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may have better genetic and social endowments, better health and health behaviors, and higher cognitive and non-cognitive skills even before entering college than their counterparts. For example, some studies find educational gaps in adult smoking are largely produced by differences in initiation in adolescence; smoking status in adolescence predicts both completed education and adult smoking (Maralani 2013, 2014). Therefore, the reverse causation and omitted variable bias may be even more severe in the college education – health link.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why does college education matter? Unveiling the contributions of selection factors

Zheng

2017

Social Science Research

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This study investigates the contributions of pre-college selection factors that may partially lead to the college degree – health link by using longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort. Propensity score matching method finds that the effects of college degree on various health outcomes (self-rated health, physical component summary index, health limitations, CESD scale) are reduced by 51% on average (range: 37%–70%) in the matched sample. Among these observed factors, cognitive skill is the biggest confounder, followed by pre-college health and socioeconomic characteristics (marital aspiration, years of schooling, marriage, fertility, poverty status) and non-cognitive skills (e.g., self-esteem). Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control scale is not significantly associated with all four health measures. The effects of most indicators of family background (parental education, family stability, family size, religious background) on the health of adult children are not direct but through offspring’s early adulthood health and socioeconomic status.

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“…These are smoking, complacency toward obesity, and pregnancy status (among women). All these factors are related to obesity (Chiolero, Faeh, Paccaud, and Cornuz 2008; Linné, Barkeling, and Rössner 2002; Schwartz and Borwnell 2004), and may act as confounders to the extent that they also aid or detract from college completion (Crosnoe 2007; Hoffman, Foster, and Furstenberg 1993; Maralani 2014). The examination of these factors is exploratory because they are measured at the last wave of the study and may themselves potentially be influenced by college attendance or obesity status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sequencing of a College Degree during the Transition to Adulthood

et al. 2015

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In this study we consider the health implications of the sequencing of a college degree vis-à-vis familial roles during the transition to adulthood. We hypothesize that people who earned a college degree before assuming familial roles will have better health than people who earned a college degree afterwards. To test this hypothesis, we focus on obesity and use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Results show that marriage before completion of college was associated with a 50% higher probability of becoming obese when compared with marriage after completion of college. Parenthood before college completion was associated with a greater-than two-fold increase in the probability of becoming obese when compared to parenthood afterwards for Black men. These findings suggest that the well-established association of education with health depends on its place in a sequence of roles.

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Understanding the links between education and smoking

Cited by 63 publications

References 43 publications

Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?

Why Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully Than Those Who Are Less Educated?

Why does college education matter? Unveiling the contributions of selection factors

The Sequencing of a College Degree during the Transition to Adulthood

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