Understanding the Synergistic Effects and Structural Evolution of Co(OH)₂ and Co₃O₄ toward Boosting Electrochemical Charge Storage

Abstract

In this study, a novel Co 3 O 4 /Co(OH) 2 heterostructure is obtained via electrodeposition on nickel (Ni) foam, forming sandwich-like structure and freestanding electrode. The outer Co(OH) 2 with layered structure can provide sufficient absorption sites and enable facile ion intercalation, meanwhile the presence of a conductive and robust interfacial Co 3 O 4 layer between Ni foam and Co(OH) 2 is found effectively minimizes the charge transfer resistance and stabilizes the interface, thus improving the electrode's rate and cycling performance with high capacity preserved synergistically. Furthermore, the structural evolution of Co(OH) 2 and Co 3 O 4 upon cycling are elucidated systematically using a series of in situ and ex situ techniques. The Co(OH) 2 is found irreversibly changed to CoOOH upon first charge, which is then reversibly converted to CoO 2 during the subsequent charge-discharge cycles. The Co 3 O 4 exhibits negligible phase changes of the bulk upon cycling, indicating its good structural integrity that contributes to the significantly improved cyclability. In general, this work not only offers an ease and effective approach to optimize the charge storage properties of Co 3 O 4 /Co(OH) 2 heterostructure via interfacial layer control, but also provides valuable insights in understanding their charge storage mechanisms, which may inspire the development of more heterostructures or extend to other applications.

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Polyaniline inside the pores of high surface area mesoporous silicon as composite electrode material for supercapacitors

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