Understanding Tobacco Use Onset Among African Americans

Roberts, Megan E.; Colby, Suzanne M.; Lü, Bo; Ferketich, Amy K.

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntv250

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This is consistent with recent patterns of smoking in the USA, in which the prevalence of smoking is similar among men and women, and a global trend for the narrowing of the sex gap 25 26. Interestingly, we did not find a later onset of tobacco use among non-Hispanic blacks, as has been reported by other studies 27 28. One possible explanation is that our study of US youth captured a cohort of non-Hispanic blacks that are early-onset smoking initiators 8 28–30.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Interestingly, we did not find a later onset of tobacco use among non-Hispanic blacks, as has been reported by other studies 27 28. One possible explanation is that our study of US youth captured a cohort of non-Hispanic blacks that are early-onset smoking initiators 8 28–30. Consequently, it is possible that our results reflect recent changes in tobacco use initiation among non-Hispanic blacks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016

et al. 2018

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IntroductionTobacco use mostly begins in adolescence and young adulthood. Earlier age of initiation of cigarette smoking is associated with greater nicotine dependence and sustained tobacco use. However, data are limited on the age of initiation of non-cigarette tobacco products, and the association between using these products and nicotine dependence and progression to established use.MethodsCombined 2014–2016 National Youth Tobacco Survey data, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of US students in grades 6–12 yielded 19 580 respondents who reported ever using any of five tobacco products: electronic cigarettes, cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco and hookah. Analyses assessed age of reported first use of each product among ever-users, overall and by sex and race/ethnicity. Current daily use, past 30-day use, feelings of craving tobacco and time to first tobacco use after waking were assessed by age of first use.ResultsAmong ever-users, weighted median age for first use was 12.6 years for cigarettes, 13.8 years for cigars, 13.4 years for smokeless tobacco, 14.1 years for hookah and 14.1 years for e-cigarettes. First trying these tobacco products at age ≤13 years was associated with greater current use of the respective product and nicotine dependence compared with initiating use at age >13 years.ConclusionsFirst tobacco use at age ≤13 years is associated with current daily and past 30-day use of non-cigarette tobacco products, and with the development of nicotine dependence among youth ever-users. Proven tobacco prevention interventions that reach early adolescents are important to reduce overall youth tobacco use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016

et al. 2018

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“…Future studies should replicate our work with larger samples. Comparing the protective influence of implicit and explicit support for African Americans is particularly important given the high prevalence of late-onset smoking among this group (Roberts et al, 2016; Trinidad, Gilpin, Lee, & Pierce, 2004) For example, research with one national sample indicated that among current smokers, 58% of all non-Hispanic Whites were late-onset, whereas 75% of all African Americans were late-onset (Roberts et al, 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We tested this question on a sample of smoking-susceptible youths aged 16–18 years to capture the period directly prior to late-onset. Given the particularly high rates of late-onset smoking among African Americans (Roberts, Colby, Lu, & Ferketich, 2016) we recruited White and African American youths to make racial comparisons and identify whether there are effects unique for African Americans. Previous research found cultural differences (Kim et al, 2008; Taylor et al, 2007) such that Whites did not benefit as much as Asian and Asian Americans from implicit support; therefore, our exploratory hypothesis was that Whites would benefit less than African Americans from the implicit support condition.…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of eliciting implicit versus explicit social support among youths susceptible for late-onset smoking

Roberts

Bernstein

Colby

2016

Addictive Behaviors

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Purpose Adolescents susceptible to late-onset smoking (becoming regular smokers at age 18 or later) are an understudied population. Social support is a promising target for intervention, but it is important to distinguish between implicit social support (reminders that one belongs to a network of valued others) and explicit social support (seeking and receiving advice and emotional solace). This study aimed to test the potential protective influence of implicit and explicit social support on reducing the risk of late-onset smoking. Methods Fifty-eight smoking-susceptible youths (aged 16–18, 45% African American, 55% non-Hispanic White) completed an experimental session that included a video-recording task designed to elicit thoughts about implicit, explicit, or no social support. Youths reported their behavioral willingness and intentions (BW and BI) to smoke immediately following the social support manipulation; a random sample of 39 youths reported again at a 3-week follow-up. Results Following the manipulation, BW and BI for cigarette smoking were significantly higher among youths assigned to the explicit-support condition, compared to those in the implicit-support or control conditions. At follow-up, BW and BI were highest in the explicit-support condition and lowest in the implicit-support condition, but the differences were not significant. Conclusions Overall, findings indicated that for teens susceptible for late-onset smoking, eliciting thoughts about implicit social support produces lower risk for cigarette initiation than does eliciting thoughts about explicit social support. The present results and the video task that yielded them are important to researchers and practitioners interested in reducing the likelihood of late-onset smoking.

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“…This special issue of Nicotine & Tobacco Research has been commissioned by the Office on Smoking and Health of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to improve our understanding of the unique patterns of smoking behaviors among AAs, relative to whites. Seven original investigations, 12,[15][16][17][18][19][20] two brief reports, 21,22 one review article, 23 and two commentaries 24,25 provide useful information and perspectives on a wide range of topics that advance the science base in important ways. Here, we highlight some of the many advances made by the articles in this supplement, followed by elucidation of important research needs and of significant opportunities for disease prevention and health promotion among AAs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Understanding Tobacco Use Behaviors Among African Americans: Progress, Critical Gaps, and Opportunities

Giovino

Gardiner²

2016

NICTOB

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Further research on multiple topics, including the continuation of use among ever users, use of multiple combusted and noncombusted products, provision of cessation support services, influence of discrimination, and validity of self-report would expand the science base. Strategies to reduce the marketing and availability of menthol and other characterizing flavorings and to enrich environments would promote the public's health.

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Understanding Tobacco Use Onset Among African Americans

Cited by 40 publications

References 38 publications

Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016

Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016

The effects of eliciting implicit versus explicit social support among youths susceptible for late-onset smoking

Understanding Tobacco Use Behaviors Among African Americans: Progress, Critical Gaps, and Opportunities

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