Underwater excimer laser ablation of polymers

Aboudi, I. El; Lazare, Sylvain; Belin, Claude; Talaga, David; Labrugère, Christine

doi:10.1007/s00339-008-4567-2

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Besides this, these changes are obviously accompanied by considerable graphitization of polymer surface [1] which contributes to increasing concentration of carbon with increasing applied fluence. This finding is similar to that of Elaboudi et al [15], who identified the hydrolysis reaction responsible for decrease of laser threshold during excimer laser processing of polyesters which increases the efficiency at low applied fluencies. Their results showed that ablation products are rich in carboxylic groups and carbon, but did not correspond directly to hydrolysis products of polymer.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of the Surface And Water Bathsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This may originate from the confined plasma plume in water, which expands at a much lower velocity than in air (order of magnitude less). This implicates that spatially confined plasma induces increase of surface temperature in water environment much intensively than in air [10], which may significantly contributes to the development of similar surface structure as in air when processing at sufficiently lower laser fluencies in water [15]. It is also obvious from the Figures 4-6, that the higher the laser fluence applied the more uniform developed nanostructure is and the possibility of modulation of fine microstructure by variation of applied voltage diminishes.…”

Section: Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 88%

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Underwater Laser Treatment of PET: Effect of Processing Parameters on Surface Morphology and Chemistry

et al. 2018

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Rapid development of nanotechnology in processes of metal nanoparticle immobilization on solid surfaces, especially polymeric ones, requires the study of particular issues within these complex approaches. Numerous studies have been published on laser light mediated manipulation with single metal nanoparticles in water environment and even laser assisted immobilization of such particles on polymeric substrate, however, not much has been reported on fundamentals of underwater laser processing of polymer itself, especially regarding to resulting surface morphology and chemistry. In this work, we study surface morphology (atomic force microscopy (AFM)) and chemistry (angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS)) of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) after underwater laser treatment in broad scale of applied laser fluencies and operating voltages. Due to typical dependence of laser efficiency on operating voltage, induced nanostructures on PET exhibited a noticeable symmetry spread out around the maxima of laser efficiency for low laser fluencies. The study of surface chemistry revealed that at high laser fluencies, photochemical decomposition of macromolecular polymer structure took place, resulting in rapid material ablation and in balanced chemical composition of the surface throughout the studied profile. Enrichment of the water bath by the low-molecular polymer degradation products proves that ablation mechanism is the governing process of surface nanostructure formation in underwater laser processing.

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Section: Chemical Composition Of the Surface And Water Bathsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 88%

Underwater Laser Treatment of PET: Effect of Processing Parameters on Surface Morphology and Chemistry

et al. 2018

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“…With the increasing interest in identification of the cause of defects, researchers started to investigate methods to control defect growth during laser ablation. Elaboudi et al studied the photoablation of polymers under water and compared it with ablation in air . They reported that the threshold fluence decreases while ablating under water and aimed at identifying the hydrolysis reaction responsible for the decrease in laser threshold.…”

Section: Polymer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser ablation of polymers: a review

Ravi‐Kumar

Lies

Zhang

et al. 2019

Polymer International

164

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Laser ablation (LA), which employs a pulsed laser to remove materials from a substrate for generating micro-/nanostructures, has tremendous applications in the fabrication of metals, ceramics, glasses and polymers. It has become a noteworthy approach for achieving various functional structures in engineering, chemistry, biology, medicine and other fields. Polymers are one such class of materials; they can be melted and vaporized at high temperature during the ablation process. A number of polymers have been researched as candidate substrates in LA, and many different structures and patterns have been realized by this method. The current states of research and progress are reviewed from basic concepts to optimal parameters, polymer types and applications. The significance of this paper is to provide a basis for follow-up research that leads to the development of superior materials and high-quality production through LA. In this review, we first introduce the basic concept of LA, including mechanism, laser types (millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond, picosecond and femtosecond) and influential parameters (wavelength, repetition rate, fluence and pulse duration). Then, we focus on several commonly used polymer materials and compare them in detail, including the effects of polymer properties, laser parameters and feature designs. Finally, we summarize the applications of various structures fabricated by LA in a variety of areas along with a perspective of the challenges in this research area. Overall, a thorough review of LA of several polymers is presented, which could pave the way for characterization of future novel materials.

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“…The materials used in their research were sapphire, silicon and Pyrex glasses that are commonly used in microfluidic applications. Elaboudi et al 7 studied the photoablation kinetics of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI) and polystyrene (PS) in both air and water. Issa et al 8 studied and fabricated microchannels on the surface of soda lime glass sheets by using 1.5 kW CO 2 laser with 10.6 mm wavelength.…”

Section: Brief Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation on Nd:YAG laser microchanneling on polymethyl methacrylate submerged in water

Prakash

Acherjee²,

Kuar

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B:

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In this research work, an experimental investigation has been carried out on underwater laser microchanneling on polymethyl methacrylate, using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser system. The underwater laser processing has been used to minimize the heat-affected zone, microcracking and burr formation around the microchannel. The process parameters that have been taken into consideration are lamp current, pulse frequency, pulse width and cutting speed. The microchannel characteristics that have been taken into account as responses are microchannel width, microchannel depth, burr width and burr height. Response surface methodology has been used to develop the mathematical relationships between the process parameters and microchannel characteristics. The adequacies of the models have been tested using analysis of variance. The interaction effects of process parameters on the microchannel characteristics have been analyzed and discussed. In addition to that, single-objective and multiobjective optimization of the process parameters have been performed to obtain desired values of microchannel characteristics.

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Underwater excimer laser ablation of polymers

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

Underwater Laser Treatment of PET: Effect of Processing Parameters on Surface Morphology and Chemistry

Underwater Laser Treatment of PET: Effect of Processing Parameters on Surface Morphology and Chemistry

Laser ablation of polymers: a review

An experimental investigation on Nd:YAG laser microchanneling on polymethyl methacrylate submerged in water

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