Underwater geophysical monitoring for European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatories

Monna, S.; Falcone, Giuseppe; Beranzoli, Laura; Chierici, F.; Cianchini, Gianfranco; De, Mariagrazia; Santis, Angelo De; Embriaco, Davide; Frugoni, F.; Marinaro, G.; Montuori, Caterina; Pignagnoli, L.; Qamili, Enkelejda; Sgroi, Tiziana; Favali, P.

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.09.010

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In Figure 6, we show a short time interval in which SDEs occurred simultaneously with a positive, slow (few hours), gravimetric variation. Given that the gravity field is proportional to the density of subsurface materials, it was possible to associate these gravity variation signals with a mass redistribution occurring close to the site [47,70]. Similar gravity variations lasting a few hours were also recorded by Etna land stations simultaneously with an increase of seismic tremors and explained as being due to mass rearrangement within the volcano [23].…”

Section: Marsili Seamountmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Some instruments, such as magnetometers and gravimeters, benefit from lower temperature variations at the seafloor compared to land sites, especially at high water depths [87]. The water column acts as a shield for magnetic signals that propagate from above the sea surface [70], enhancing the sensitivity to the signals that are generated by the volcano below the seafloor. Another positive effect, observed at remote seafloor sites, is the reduction of man-made seismic noise (at frequencies f > 1 Hz).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observing Volcanoes from the Seafloor in the Central Mediterranean Area

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The three volcanoes that are the object of this paper show different types of activity that are representative of the large variety of volcanism present in the Central Mediterranean area. Etna and Stromboli are sub-aerial volcanoes, with significant part of their structure under the sea, while the Marsili Seamount is submerged, and its activity is still open to debate. The study of these volcanoes can benefit from multi-parametric observations from the seafloor. Each volcano was studied with a different kind of observation system. Stromboli seismic recordings are acquired by means of a single Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS). From these data, it was possible to identify two different magma chambers at different depths. At Marsili Seamount, gravimetric and seismic signals are recorded by a battery-powered multi-disciplinary observatory (GEOSTAR). Gravimetric variations and seismic Short Duration Events (SDE) confirm the presence of hydrothermal activity. At the Etna observation site, seismic signals, water pressure, magnetic field and acoustic echo intensity are acquired in real-time thanks to a cabled multi-disciplinary observatory (NEMO-SN1 ). This observatory is one of the operative nodes of the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water-column Observatory (EMSO; www.emso-eu.org) research infrastructure. Through a multidisciplinary approach, we speculate about deep Etna sources and follow some significant events, such as volcanic ash diffusion in the seawater.

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Section: Marsili Seamountmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observing Volcanoes from the Seafloor in the Central Mediterranean Area

et al. 2016

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“…The marine industry was largely responsible for technical advances and science propagation, which justifies the significant number of articles that have a technical and economic perspective. More recently, there is a trend towards studies with social perspectives and networks of seafloor observatories for continuous geohazards monitoring [35,54,[217][218][219]. Therefore, direct monitoring represents a complementary manner, alongside conventional techniques in which environmental conditions call for deployment and provide enhanced confidence regarding geohazard assessments [139].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Geohazards: A Bibliometric-Based Review

et al. 2019

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Marine geohazard research has developed during recent decades, as human activities intensified towards deeper waters. Some recent disastrous events (e.g., the 2004 Indian Ocean and 2011 Japan tsunamis) highlighted geohazards socioeconomic impacts. Marine geohazards encompass an extensive list of features, processes, and events related to Marine Geology. In the scientific literature there are few systematic reviews concerning all of them. Using the search string ‘geohazard*’, this bibliometric-based review explored the scientific databases Web of Science and Scopus to analyze the evolution of peer-reviewed scientific publications and discuss trends and future challenges. The results revealed qualitative and quantitative aspects of 183 publications and indicated 12 categories of hazards, the categories more studied and the scientific advances. Interdisciplinary surveys focusing on the mapping and dating of past events, and the determination of triggers, frequencies, and current perspectives of occurrence (risk) are still scarce. Throughout the upcoming decade, the expansion and improvement of seafloor observatories’ networks, early warning systems, and mitigation plans are the main challenges. Hazardous marine geological events may occur at any time and the scientific community, marine industry, and governmental agencies must cooperate to better understand and monitor the processes involved in order to mitigate the resulting unpredictable damages.

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“…The classical Fourier spectral analysis is not forgotten, inspired by turbulence, which in this issue is applied to characterise geo-hazards events related to sea bottom seismology. Indeed, Monna et al (2013, this issue) present time series analysis of seismic, gravimetric and magnetic measurements acquired on long-term observatories deployed in the Mediterranean Sea.…”

Section: The Study Of the Variability Contained In The Observed Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%